abandonner French · revision 17234

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland|origins=frk *bann}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /a.bɑ̃.dɔ.ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''abandonner'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It comes from the Old French phrase “a bandon” “at the disposal (of)”, as in “laisser a bandon”, “mettre a bandon”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(FEW|15/1, 48b) “Bandon” “power, authority” is derived from [[ban]], [[der|frk|*bann]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary) Bloch and Wartburg also give a different account under the verb: they derive it from a phrase “*a ban doner” “to give up freely, not hold back”, noting that “bandon” cannot come straight from “ban” because its /d/ would be unexplained, and that it is rather a noun taken from “abandonner”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Wiktionary takes “a ban doner” to mean “to give up to banishment”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Compare [[pro|abandonar]], [[es|abandonar]] and [[it|abbandonare]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) it means to leave something at another's disposal, to give free rein: ''broche le bien, le frein li abandunet'' “he spurs his horse and gives it free rein”; the reflexive ''s'abandoner'' “to give oneself up” is in the same poem.^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 12th century it meant to hand over, yield up (''or vus abandoins jo mun regne'', Thomas Becket's life), and in the 13th to give oneself over to vice or, of a woman, to give herself to a man.^(Littré 1873) From the idea of leaving something to another came the senses “to give up, renounce” (property, a right, a project) and “to forsake” (a person, a place).^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) In sport ''abandonner'', used absolutely, is to withdraw from a race or match.^(GLLF 1989) The noun [[abandon]] is recorded in 1155 and ''abandonnement'' in the 13th century (Jean de Meun).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Abandoner'' “to give free rein”, ''Chanson de Roland''.^(Littré 1873)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1155 – ''Abandon''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1270 – ''Abandonnement''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|abandon]], leave, desert: ''abandonner ses enfants'', ''abandonner un navire''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To give up, renounce: ''abandonner ses études'', ''abandonner le pouvoir''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(absolute)'' To give up, ''(sport)'' to withdraw, retire.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To leave, hand over (to someone's care or power): ''abandonner une ville au pillage''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873)

+ # ''S'abandonner à'': to give way to, give oneself up to: ''s'abandonner au désespoir''.^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abandon]]

+ * [[abandonnement]]

+ * [[abandonnique]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ban]]

+ * [[bannir]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}