aide French · revision 17217

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=842, Strasbourg Oaths (aiudha)|origins=la iuvō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɛd/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Quebec): /aɛd/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aide''' ''f'' (plural aides)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Aiudha'' in the Strasbourg Oaths (842); Old French ''aiude'', ''aïe'', ''aïde'', ''aide'' from 1268.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a deverbal noun from [[aider]].^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary notes that the medial /d/ would regularly have been lost, as in Old French “aïe”, and was restored from the verb.^(Wiktionary) “Aider” is from [[la|adiūtō|t=to help]], a frequentative of [[m|la|adiuvō|t=to help]], from [[m|la|ad-]] and [[m|la|iuvō|t=to help, please]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ Compare [[es|ayuda]] and [[it|aita]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Strasbourg Oaths (842) have ''in adiudha'', in the sense of help, assistance; the ''Chanson de Roland'' has ''besoin avons d'aïe'' “we need help”.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the Middle Ages ''aide'' also meant feudal aid and, in the plural, the taxes levied by the king (''les aides''); the AND records the same senses in Anglo-Norman.^(AND)^(Littré 1873) ''Dieu vous soit en aide'' was said in the 17th and 18th centuries when someone sneezed.^(GLLF 1989)^(Littré 1873) The noun for a person who helps, an assistant, is feminine in the 13th century and masculine and feminine from the 16th.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007) In modern use ''aide'' is also financial or social assistance (''aide sociale'', 1953, ''aide au développement'') and, in computing, the help pages of a program.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 842 – ''Aiudha'', Strasbourg Oaths.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * c. 1100 – ''Aïe'', ''Chanson de Roland''.^(Littré 1873)

+ * 1268 – The form ''aide''.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 13th century – A person who helps (feminine).^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 16th century – An assistant (masculine and feminine).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ * 1953 – ''Aide sociale''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|help]], [[m|en|aid]], assistance: ''j'ai besoin de votre aide'', ''à l'aide!'', help!, ''venir en aide à''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''À l'aide de'': with the help of, using: ''à l'aide d'un couteau''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # Financial or social aid: ''aide sociale'', ''aide humanitaire''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # An assistant, helper: ''aide de camp'', ''aide-soignant'', ''aide-ménagère''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''(sport)'' An [[m|en|assist]].^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(historical, in the plural)'' Royal taxes, especially on drink.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aide-mémoire]]

+ * [[aide-soignant]]

+ * [[aide-ménagère]]

+ * [[entraide]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aider]]

+ * [[adjuvant]]

+ * [[adjoint]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}