emporter French · revision 17173

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 980, Passion de Clermont (en porter)|origins=la portō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɑ̃.pɔʁ.te/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''emporter'''^(Wiktionary)

+ ''En porter'' (about 980), ''enporter'' (''Chanson de Roland''), ''emporter'' from the 12th–13th century.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|en-|porter]], where “en” is the adverb of place from [[la|inde|t=from there]]: to carry away from a place.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)^(FEW|9, 215b)^(Wiktionary) The verb [[porter]] is [[m|la|portō]], which belonged to the popular language, where the literary word was [[m|la|ferō]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Compare [[pro|emportar]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Passion'' of Clermont (about 980) has ''el l'en portet'' “he carries him away from there”, to take with one from one place to another.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) The ''Chanson de Roland'' has ''n'enportera la teste'' “he will not get away with his head”.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ About 1260 it meant “to win, gain” (''le pris en enporta''), a sense later taken by [[remporter]], ''l'emporter'' “to prevail” is found in 1350.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) From 1310 it meant to carry off by force, from 1500 to take by storm, and in Calvin (1541) to entail, a sense common in the classical period and now dated.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Emporter la pièce'' (early 17th century) first meant to win an argument, ''emporter le morceau'' now means to succeed.^(DHLF 1992) In the 17th century the verb meant to carry away with excitement, whence ''s'emporter'' (Corneille, 1632), to lose one's temper.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) ''Que le diable l'emporte !'' was a common curse in the classical period, and ''plat à emporter'' (takeaway) is 20th-century, Swiss French says ''à l'emporter''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 980 – ''En porter'', ''Passion''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1260 – To win, ''Auberon''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1310 – To carry off by force.^(TLFi)

+ * 1350 – ''L'emporter'', Gilles le Muisit.^(TLFi)

+ * 1500 – To take by storm, Jean d'Auton.^(TLFi)

+ * 1632 – ''S'emporter'', Corneille.^(TLFi)

+ * 20th century – ''Plat à emporter''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To take away, take with one: ''emporter un parapluie'', ''plat à emporter'', [[m|en|takeaway]] food.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To carry off, sweep away: ''le vent a emporté son chapeau'', ''la maladie l'a emporté''.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To take by force: ''emporter une position''.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To carry away (of emotion): ''emporté par la colère''.^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''L'emporter'': to [[m|en|prevail]], win: ''l'emporter sur qqn''.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''S'emporter'': to lose one's [[m|en|temper]], flare up.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Vous ne l'emporterez pas en paradis'': you will not get away with it.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[emportement]]

+ * [[emporte-pièce]]

+ * [[emporté]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[emport]]

+ * [[apporter]]

+ * [[porter]]

+ * [[remporter]]

+ * [[importer]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}