honte French · revision 17163

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (hunte)|origins=frk *haunipa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɔ̃t/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Louisiana): /hɔ̃t/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Louisiana): [hɔ̃n]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''honte''' ''f'' (plural hontes)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''hunte'' (1080). The ⟨h⟩ is aspirated: ''la honte''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(TLFi) The word was once of both genders.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|frk|*haunipa|t=disdain, contempt, mockery]] (also “*haunita”), from the same root as [[honnir]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|16, 181b) The Frankish word is reconstructed from [[goh|hōnida|t=dishonour]] and [[dum|hoonde|t=dishonour]] (compare [[de|Hohn]]), and, from a Latinised “haunitas” in the Reichenau glosses, translating [[m|la|ignōminia]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Wiktionary gives [[gem-pro|*hauniþō|t=humiliation]] and compares [[ang|hīenþu]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Compare [[pro|anta]] and [[it|onta]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) ''hunte'' is dishonour: ''Si me gardez et de mort et de hunte'' “guard me from death and dishonour”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From dishonour came an affront, humiliation (1174–76), in ''faire hunte à qqn'' “to outrage someone”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Boire honte'' (about 1223) was to suffer every kind of insult, whence ''avoir toute honte bue'' (first half of the 15th century), to be past all shame.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In the 15th century it meant modesty, and before 1563 bashfulness (La Boétie), a sense lost from standard French but comparable to its use in African French for respectful decency towards elders.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) ''Une honte'' is a shameful thing (1538), and the painful feeling of humiliation is recorded in 1611, whence ''faire honte à qqn'' “to reproach someone” (after 1650).^(DHLF 1992) Rabelais's ''courte honte'' “quick failure” (1552) has fallen out of use except in ''en être pour sa courte honte''.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Hunte'', ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1174–76 – ''Faire hunte'', to outrage.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1223 – ''Boire honte'', Gautier de Coinci.^(TLFi)

+ * 15th century – ''Avoir toutes ses hontes bues''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1552 – ''Courte honte'', Rabelais.^(TLFi)

+ * before 1563 – Bashfulness, La Boétie.^(TLFi)

+ * 1611 – The feeling of shame, Cotgrave.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|shame]], dishonour, [[m|en|disgrace]]: ''couvrir qqn de honte'', ''être la honte de sa famille'', ''c'est une honte !''^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The feeling of shame or embarrassment: ''avoir honte'', ''rougir de honte'', ''faire honte à qqn''.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''Fausse honte'', ''mauvaise honte'': misplaced bashfulness.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Avoir toute honte bue'': to be past all shame.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(African French)'' Modesty, respectful reserve.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[honteux]]

+ * [[éhonté]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[honnir]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}