supposer French · revision 17150

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1120, Psautier d'Oxford|origins=la pōnō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /sy.po.ze/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''supposer'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|suppōnō|t=to put under; to substitute; to subject]], with its form adapted to [[poser]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|8, 72b) The Latin verb is from [[m|la|sub|t=under]] and [[m|la|pōnō|t=to put, place]] (see [[pondre]]).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) The sense “to assume” developed in French, or in Medieval Latin after the grammarians' “suppositivus” “hypothetical”, a calque of [[grc|ὑποθετικός|tr=hupothetikós]], Bloch and Wartburg think the verb took it from “supposition”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Compare [[es|suponer]], [[pt|supor]] and [[it|supporre|alt=sopporre]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Psautier d'Oxford'' (mid-12th century) has it in the concrete Latin sense “to place under”, which lasted until the early 17th century (Stoer, 1628).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old French it also meant to subject to a jurisdiction (1278).^(DHLF 1992) From about 1270–80 it meant to presume or conjecture (''Clef d'Amour''), and to posit as a hypothesis, first with an attribute (''supposer le problème résolu''); ''supposé que'' is found about 1330 (Guillaume de Digulleville).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Oresme (1370) uses it for “to require as a necessary condition”: ''elettion … suppose liberté et prudence''.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) From Latin law came “to substitute” (1520) and “to pass off as genuine” (1538), as in ''supposer un testament'' or ''supposer un enfant'' (1552).^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1120 – “To place under”, ''Psautier d'Oxford''.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1278 – To subject to a jurisdiction.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1280 – “To conjecture”, ''Clef d'Amour''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1330 – ''Supposé que''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1370 – To imply, Oresme.^(TLFi)

+ * 1538 – To pass off as genuine, Robert Estienne.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|suppose]], assume as a hypothesis: ''supposons que vous ayez raison'', ''à supposer que'', ''en supposant que''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To presume, think likely: ''je suppose qu'il viendra''.^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873)

+ # To imply, require as a condition: ''le succès suppose du travail''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To attribute (a quality) to someone: ''vous me supposez un crédit que je n'ai pas''.^(Littré 1873)

+ # ''(law)'' To substitute fraudulently, pass off as genuine: ''supposer un testament''.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[supposé]]

+ * [[supposable]]

+ * [[présupposer]]

+ * [[présupposition]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[supposition]]

+ * [[poser]]

+ * [[la|suppōnō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}