parvenir French · revision 17141

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 980, Passion de Clermont (pervenir)|origins=la veniō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /paʁ.və.niʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parvenir'''^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Pervenir'' (about 980), ''parvenir'' (1080).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|perveniō|t=to arrive at, reach; to attain]], from [[m|la|per|t=through]] and [[m|la|veniō|t=to come]] (see [[venir]]).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|8, 291b)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Compare [[pro|pervenir]], [[es|pervenir]] and [[it|pervenire]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ At the end of the 10th century the ''Passion'' of Clermont uses it for arriving at a given point on a journey; the ''Chanson de Roland'' has ''Li emperere en Roncevals parvient'' “the emperor reaches Roncevaux”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The abstract sense “to arrive at a result one aimed at” is from about 1165, and ''parvenir à'' with an infinitive, “to manage to”, from 1480 (Coquillart).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Of things it meant to spread through space to a place (Machaut, 1342) and, from 1740, to reach its destination, as a letter.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Used absolutely, “to rise to a high social position”, it is in Amyot (1559), and Béroalde de Verville wrote ''Le Moyen de parvenir'' (about 1590).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Its participle [[parvenu]] (1718) names, disparagingly, a person who has risen socially without acquiring the manners, as in Marivaux's ''Le Paysan parvenu''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 10th century – ''Pervenir'', ''Passion''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1165 – To attain an aim.^(TLFi)

+ * 1342 – Of a sound reaching a place, Machaut.^(TLFi)

+ * 1480 – ''Parvenir à'' + infinitive.^(TLFi)

+ * 1559 – To rise in society, Amyot.^(TLFi)

+ * 1718 – ''Parvenu''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1740 – Of a thing reaching its destination.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|reach]], get to (a place): ''parvenir au sommet''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of things, to reach, arrive: ''ma lettre vous est-elle parvenue ?'', ''faire parvenir un colis''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To reach (a state or degree): ''parvenir à maturité'', ''parvenir à ses fins'', to achieve one's aims.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Parvenir à'' + infinitive: to [[m|en|manage]] to, succeed in: ''il est parvenu à s'échapper''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(dated)'' To rise in society, make one's fortune.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[parvenu]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[venir]]

+ * [[advenir]]

+ * [[la|perveniō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}