quartier French · revision 17130

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (quarter)|origins=la quartus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kaʁ.tje/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quartier''' ''m'' (plural quartiers)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|quart|-ier]].^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary) Medieval Latin had “quarterium” “a quarter of a town” (1117).^(TLFi) Littré derived it from [[la|quartārius|t=a quarter measure]], from [[m|la|quartus|t=fourth]] (see [[quart]]).^(Littré 1873)^(FEW|2, 1424a)

+

+ Compare [[it|quartiere]] and [[pro|cartier]].^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) ''lur escuz de quarters'' are shields divided in quarters.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The idea of a fourth part gave heraldic quarters (about 1225) and the quarters of noble descent (Boileau, 1665, ''quartiers de noblesse'', 1718), a quarter of an ell (1229), three months' service at court (Froissart), a quarterly payment (mid-15th century) and the quarters of the moon (1539).^(TLFi)

+

+ The looser sense “part” gave a portion of land (about 1150), a piece of something (end of the 12th century) and of meat (early 14th century).^(TLFi) Troops' quarters are from about 1462, ''quartier d'hiver'' from 1668 and ''quartier général'' from 1713.^(TLFi) A ''quartier de sauveté'' (about 1470) was a place of safety for besieged troops, whence ''donner quartier'' “to spare a life” (mid-17th century) and ''pas de quartier''.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) A district of a town is in Coquillart (1480), and by metonymy its inhabitants in Boileau (1674).^(TLFi) ''Quartier libre'' is from 1938.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Quarter'' of a shield, ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1150 – A portion of land.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1462 – Troops' quarters.^(TLFi)

+ * 1480 – A district of a town, Coquillart.^(TLFi)

+ * 1539 – ''Dernier quartier de la lune''.^(TLFi)

+ * mid-17th century – ''Donner quartier''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1713 – ''Quartier général''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1938 – ''Quartier libre''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|district]], [[m|en|neighbourhood]] of a town: ''le Quartier latin'', ''les gens du quartier''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(France, plural)'' Deprived, often suburban neighbourhoods: ''les quartiers''.^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|quarter]], fourth part; a piece, segment: ''un quartier d'orange'', ''un quartier de bœuf''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(astronomy)'' A quarter of the moon: ''premier quartier''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(military)'' Quarters, barracks: ''quartiers d'hiver'', ''quartier général'', headquarters, ''quartier libre'', time off.^(TLFi)

+ # ''(dated)'' Mercy: ''pas de quartier !'', ''faire quartier''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(heraldry, genealogy)'' A quarter: ''quartiers de noblesse''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quart]]

+ * [[écarteler]]

+ * [[la|quartus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}