militaire French · revision 17112

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1352–56, Pierre Bersuire, translation of Livy|origins=la mīles}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /mi.li.tɛʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''militaire''' (plural militaires)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|mīlitāris|t=of war, of soldiers; military]], from [[m|la|mīles|t=soldier]] (see [[milice]]).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|6/2, 81b)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Pierre Bersuire's translation of Livy (1352–56) speaks of ''tribuns militaires'', military tribunes, in the sense “belonging to the army”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From 1508 it meant what is proper to the army (''militaire discipline''), whence ''art militaire'' (Richelet, 1680), ''justice militaire'' (Académie, 1694) and ''service militaire'' (Condorcet, 1794).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) From the mid-18th century it qualified what is built or organized for the army: ''route militaire'' (1765), ''école militaire'' (1790), ''musique militaire'' (1801); in 1743 it also meant based on armed force.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ As a noun it named a soldier from the 17th century (Bossuet, 1663; the DHLF dates it 1658), and ''le militaire'' collectively the military, the army as a profession (Rousseau, 1755).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(BHVF) The learned derivatives [[militarisme]] (1815) and [[militariser]] (1843) were formed in the 19th century.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1352–56 – ''Tribuns militaires'', Bersuire.^(TLFi)

+ * 1508 – ''Militaire discipline''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1663 – Noun “soldier”, Bossuet.^(TLFi)

+ * 1743 – “Based on armed force”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1755 – ''Le militaire'' “the army”, Rousseau.^(TLFi)

+ * 1794 – ''Service militaire'', Condorcet.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|military]]: of the armed forces or of war: ''l'art militaire'', ''le service militaire'', ''une opération militaire''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Characteristic of soldiers: ''à l'heure militaire'', on the dot.^(GLLF 1989)

+ # Based on armed force: ''un régime militaire''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|soldier]], a member of the armed forces: ''un militaire de carrière''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(literary)'' ''Le militaire'': the military, the army.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[militairement]]

+ * [[militarisme]]

+ * [[militariste]]

+ * [[militariser]]

+ * [[démilitariser]]

+ * [[paramilitaire]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[milice]]

+ * [[milicien]]

+ * [[militant]]

+ * [[militarisation]]

+ * [[la|mīles]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}