sonner French · revision 17088

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont (soner)|origins=la sonus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /sɔ.ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sonner'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''soner'' (about 980), ''suner'' (1080); ''sonner'' from the 13th century.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|soner]], [[inh|la|sonō|t=to sound, resound; to utter; to mean]], from [[m|la|sonus|t=sound]] (see [[son]]).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|12, 97a)

+

+ Cognate with [[ro|suna]], [[it|sonare]], [[oc|sonar]], [[es|sonar]] and [[pt|soar]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Passion'' of Clermont (late 10th century) Jesus ''mot ne soned'' to Herod, “did not utter a word”, ''ne sonner mot'' “to say nothing” was still recorded by the Académie in 1878.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) it means to sound a wind instrument (''sunez vostre corn'', ''l'olifan''), and also of the instrument and the echoing hills: ''Sunent li munt e respondent li val''.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) About 1150 it was used for ringing bells, and later of a bell or a clock sounding, ''sonner la messe'' is from about 1175 and ''sonner la retraite'' from the 13th century.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) Wace (1155) used it for “to mean”, a sense now gone.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ The hour that ''sonne'' (about 1640) gave ''sa dernière heure a sonné'' and ''midi sonné''.^(DHLF 1992) From 1532 it meant to summon someone with a bell, whence the familiar ''on ne t'a pas sonné'' “nobody asked you” (1925).^(DHLF 1992) A word ''sonne bien'' or ''sonne faux'' depending on the impression it makes (Montaigne, about 1590).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) In slang ''sonner qqn'' is to knock someone out.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 10th century – ''Soner mot'', ''Passion''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1100 – To sound a horn, ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1150 – To ring bells.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1155 – “To mean”, Wace.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1210 – The derivative ''sonnerie''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1532 – To summon with a bell.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1640 – The hour sounds.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To [[m|en|ring]], sound: ''le téléphone sonne'', ''les cloches sonnent'', ''midi sonne''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To ring the bell: ''on a sonné''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To sound (a certain way): ''sonner creux'', ''sonner faux'', ''sonner bien''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To ring (a bell); to sound (a signal, a horn): ''sonner le glas'', ''sonner la retraite''.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To strike (the hour): ''l'horloge sonne midi''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(transitive, familiar)'' To summon (someone): ''on ne t'a pas sonné''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(transitive, familiar)'' To knock (someone) out, stun: ''il est sonné''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sonnaille]]

+ * [[sonnant]]

+ * [[sonnerie]]

+ * [[sonnette]]

+ * [[sonneur]]

+ * [[malsonnant]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[son]]

+ * [[résonner]]

+ * [[sonore]]

+ * [[sonate]]

+ * [[la|sonō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}