équipe French · revision 17079

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=1456 (equippe)|origins=non skipa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /e.kip/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''équipe''' ''f'' (plural équipes)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Equippe'' (1456), ''équipe'' (1755).^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a deverbal noun from [[équiper]].^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|17, 116b) “Équiper” (Old French “eschiper”, “esquiper”) is from [[non|skipa|t=to arrange, fit out]], from [[m|non|skip|t=ship]], according to Bloch and Wartburg and the TLFi; the FEW traces its earliest sense, “to put to sea”, to [[ang|scipian|t=to sail]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A letter of remission of 1456 has ''equippe'' for the crew of a boat; in 1469 it names a group of people playing the same game; both uses are isolated.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The word was rare until the 19th century; the Petit Robert records it from 1688 for a small fleet of boats belonging to one boatman.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Zola uses it for the crew of a pleasure boat (1867), and Littré (1864) for a group of people working together at a task, the usual modern sense: ''équipe de nuit'', ''chef d'équipe'', ''travailler en équipe''.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) The sports team appears in Romain Rolland (1912) and in the newspaper ''L'Auto'' (1913).^(TLFi)^(BHVF) From 1901 (Bruant) it also meant a group of people who go about together, a gang.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1456 – ''Equippe'', a boat's crew.^(TLFi)

+ * 1469 – A group of players.^(TLFi)

+ * 1864 – A group working together, Littré.^(TLFi)

+ * 1867 – A boat's crew, Zola.^(TLFi)

+ * 1901 – A gang of friends, Bruant.^(TLFi)

+ * 1912 – A sports team, Romain Rolland.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|team]], crew (of workers): ''travailler en équipe'', ''chef d'équipe'', ''équipe de nuit'', ''faire équipe avec''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # A team (in sport): ''l'équipe de France'', ''sport d'équipe''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(familiar)'' A group of friends, bunch.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[équipier]]

+ * [[coéquipier]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[équiper]]

+ * [[équipage]]

+ * [[équipement]]

+ * [[équipée]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}