fuir French · revision 17048

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 9th century, Séquence de sainte Eulalie|origins=ine-pro *bʰewg-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /fɥiʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fuir'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la-lat|fugiō|alt=fugire]], a 3rd-century change of conjugation of classical [[m|la|fugiō|alt=fugere|t=to flee; to be exiled]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|3, 836b) The Latin verb goes back to the Indo-European root [[ine-pro|*bʰewg-|t=to flee]], also in [[grc|φεύγω|tr=pheúgō]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[ro|fugi]], [[it|fuggire]], [[oc|fugir]], [[ca|fugir]], [[es|huir]] and [[pt|fugir]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(REW 1935) In the dialects of Franche-Comté and Lyon it came to mean “to run”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Séquence de sainte Eulalie'' (late 9th century) uses it transitively, “to shun, renounce”: the pagans urge Eulalia ''qued elle fuiet lo nom christiien'' “that she should forsake the Christian name”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) it is intransitive, “to run away from danger”: ''Nostre Franceis n'ont talent de fuïr'' “our Frenchmen have no wish to flee”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) Chrétien de Troyes (1176–1181) uses it for giving way under pressure, as the ground does underfoot.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Robert Estienne (1538, 1549) records “to escape someone's mind” and “to shirk”; from Corneille (1640) passing time ''fuit'', and, from 1704 lines in a picture recede in perspective.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The Académie (1762) has it of a vessel that leaks, and, from 1872 of the liquid escaping.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The noun [[fuite]] (about 1190) was remade after ''suite'' from Old French ''fuie''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 9th century – Transitive ''fuiet'', ''Séquence de sainte Eulalie''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1100 – Intransitive “to flee”, ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1176–1181 – To give way, Chrétien de Troyes.^(TLFi)

+ * 1538 – To escape the memory, Robert Estienne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1640 – ''Un jour qui fuit'', Corneille.^(TLFi)

+ * 1704 – To recede in perspective.^(TLFi)

+ * 1762 – ''Ce vase fuit'', Académie.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|flee]], run away: ''fuir devant le danger'', ''faire fuir qqn''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|shun]], avoid: ''fuir le monde'', ''fuir comme la peste''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # To pass quickly, slip away (of time); to recede (in perspective).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # To [[m|en|leak]]: ''le robinet fuit''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(literary)'' To escape someone: ''le sommeil me fuit''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fuite]]

+ * [[fuyard]]

+ * [[faux-fuyant]]

+ * [[enfuir]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fugace]]

+ * [[fugitif]]

+ * [[fugue]]

+ * [[fuguer]]

+ * [[fuie]]

+ * [[refuge]]

+ * [[la|fugiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}