sécurité French · revision 17042

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1190|origins=la sēcūrus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /se.ky.ʁi.te/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sécurité''' ''f'' (plural sécurités)^(Wiktionary)

+ The Académie spelled it ''securité'' in 1694 and 1718, ''sécurité'' from 1740.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|sēcūritās|t=freedom from care; tranquillity; safety; guarantee]], from [[m|la|sēcūrus|t=free from care]], the source of [[sûr]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|11, 387b) It is a learned doublet of [[sûreté]], borrowed to express a nuance of sense distinct from it.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found about 1190 and in the first half of the 13th century for the confidence of someone who thinks they have nothing to fear.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Taken up again about 1480, it remained rare until it became usual in the 17th and 18th centuries.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) Montaigne has ''en toute sécurité'' (about 1588), still with the sense “in complete peace of mind”.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) In the 18th century it came to mean the objective absence of danger (1770, Raynal), and laws spoke of ''sécurité publique'' (1870).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ Engineering gave ''coefficient de sécurité'' (1889) and ''de sécurité'' for protective devices (1925).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Sécurité sociale'' (1945), familiarly ''la sécu'' (1960), is a calque of English ''social security'' (1935), and under English influence the word has replaced ''sûreté'' in many contexts, as in air travel.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1190 – First record.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * c. 1480 – Taken up again.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1588 – ''En toute sécurité'', Montaigne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1770 – Absence of danger, Raynal.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1889 – ''Coefficient de sécurité''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1945 – ''Sécurité sociale''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A feeling of [[m|en|security]], peace of mind: ''en toute sécurité''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # [[m|en|safety]], security: the absence of danger: ''la sécurité de l'emploi'', ''la sécurité routière''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Public order and protection: ''la sécurité publique'', ''forces de sécurité''.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''De sécurité'': protective: ''ceinture de sécurité'', ''dispositif de sécurité''.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Sécurité sociale'': the French social insurance system.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sécuritaire]]

+ * [[sécuriser]]

+ * [[insécurité]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sûr]]

+ * [[sûreté]]

+ * [[la|sēcūritās]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}