marquer French · revision 17019

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1456|origins=non merki}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /maʁ.ke/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''marquer'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''merchier'' (1121, Anglo-Norman, Norman, Picard), ''merquier'' (late 12th century); ''marquer'' from 1456.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a dialect variant of Old French [[m|fro|merchier|t=to put a mark on]], still used in the 16th century, formed on [[m|fro|merc|t=mark]], from [[non|merki|t=mark, boundary]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|16, 551b) The /a/ is probably due to [[marcher]] in its old sense “to press, tread on”, and perhaps also to [[it|marcare|t=to mark]] (13th century), from “marca”, of Germanic origin.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Compare [[pro|marcar]], [[es|marcar]] and [[pt|marcar]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ An archive of the Nord (1456) uses it for making a thing recognizable by a mark.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The old form is in Guernes de Pont-Sainte-Maxence (about 1174): ''mais primes le merkeit'' “but first he marked him”.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Palsgrave (1530) has “to notice”, a sense now left to [[remarquer]], Robert Estienne (1531) has “to leave a visible mark” and “to note in writing”, and ''marquer un jour de craye blanche'' (1557) became ''marquer d'une pierre blanche''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) From card games, ''marquer les points'' (1690), came ''marquer un point'' (1876) and, after English ''to mark'', ''marquer un but'' (1900); in sport it also means to guard an opponent (1892).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Slang ''marquer le coup'' meant to clink glasses (1866), later to react (1919).^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ It also came to mean to indicate, of a measuring instrument (1694), to emphasize (1669, Racine), and to leave a lasting impression (La Bruyère).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In the 17th century ''ne plus marquer'' was said of someone growing old, from the teeth by which a horse's age is told.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1121 – Old French ''merchier''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1456 – ''Marquer''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1531 – “To leave a mark; to note”, Robert Estienne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1557 – ''Marquer un jour de craye blanche''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – ''Marquer les points'', Furetière.^(TLFi)

+ * 1892 – To guard an opponent.^(TLFi)

+ * 1900 – To score a goal.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|mark]], put a mark on: ''marquer le linge''; to brand: ''marquer au fer rouge''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To note, write down: ''marquer un rendez-vous dans son agenda''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To show, indicate: ''l'horloge marque midi''; to mark (an event): ''marquer d'une pierre blanche''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To leave a lasting impression on: ''cette rencontre l'a marqué''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(sport)'' To [[m|en|score]]: ''marquer un but''; to guard (an opponent).^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To emphasize: ''marquer la mesure'', ''marquer le pas'', ''marquer le coup'', to mark the occasion, react.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[marque]]

+ * [[marqueur]]

+ * [[démarquer]]

+ * [[remarquer]]

+ * [[remarquable]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[marcher]]

+ * [[marge]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}