rond French · revision 17014

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=1119, Philippe de Thaon, Comput|origins=la rota}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʁɔ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rond''' (feminine ronde, masculine plural ronds, feminine plural rondes)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''rund'' (1119), ''reont'' (about 1100–1160), ''roont'' (12th century); ''rond'' from about 1380.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|reont]], [[inh|la-vul|*retundus]], from [[la|rotundus|t=wheel-shaped, round; well-turned (of style)]] by dissimilation of the first vowel, from [[m|la|rota|t=wheel]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|10, 520a)^(Wiktionary) This popular form is attested in the 9th century.^(TLFi) The feminine of the Latin word came into French through Italian as [[rotonde]], a doublet.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[oc|redond]], [[es|redondo]] and [[pt|redondo]], which go back to the same popular form, and with [[it|rotondo]], [[ca|rodó]] and [[ro|rotund]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Philippe de Thaon's ''Comput'' (1119) says that the moon is ''runde cume rüele'' “round like a little wheel”; in his ''Bestiaire'' (1121–34) the hedgehog is ''ruunz cume pelute'' “round as a ball”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ By about 1160 it described any rounded shape, and, from 1277 the plump parts of the body (''ronde gambete'', Adam de la Halle).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Être rond'' “to be drunk” is recorded in 1474, by allusion to a full belly, and gave comparisons such as ''rond comme une queue de pelle''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) Of character it means frank and straightforward; of a figure, a round number.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ The noun ''rond'' “circle” dates from the 13th century; as slang for a coin, ''sou'', it is found as early as 1461, whence ''ne pas avoir un rond''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary) Modern phrases include ''yeux ronds'' (1824, Balzac), ''ballon rond'' “football” (1900), ''table ronde'' “round-table meeting” (1955) and ''ne pas tourner rond'' “to be a bit mad” (1949).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1119 – ''Runde'', Philippe de Thaon.^(TLFi)

+ * 13th century – The noun ''rond''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * c. 1380 – The form ''rond''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1461 – ''Rond'' “coin”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1474 – ''Être rond'' “to be drunk”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1824 – ''Yeux ronds'', Balzac.^(TLFi)

+ * 1955 – ''Table ronde'' “round-table meeting”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|round]], circular, spherical: ''la Terre est ronde'', ''une table ronde''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Rounded, curved: ''le dos rond''; plump: ''des joues rondes''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(of a number)'' Round, whole: ''un chiffre rond''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(of a person)'' Frank, straightforward: ''être rond en affaires''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(familiar)'' [[m|en|drunk]].^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|circle]]; a round object: ''tracer des ronds'', ''rond de serviette''.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(familiar)'' A coin, money: ''ne pas avoir un rond''.^(Wiktionary)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ # ''En rond'': in a circle, ''tourner en rond'', to go round in circles.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ronde]]

+ * [[rondeau]]

+ * [[rondelet]]

+ * [[rondelle]]

+ * [[rondement]]

+ * [[rondeur]]

+ * [[rondin]]

+ * [[rondouillard]]

+ * [[arrondir]]

+ * [[rond-point]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rotonde]]

+ * [[roue]]

+ * [[la|rotundus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}