tableau French · revision 17009

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1280, Adenet le Roi, Cléomadès (tabliau)|origins=la tabula}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ta.blo/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tableau''' ''m'' (plural tableaux)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Tabliau'', ''tablel'' (13th–14th centuries), ''taveliaus'' (Lille, 1351); ''tableau'' from 1538.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|fr|table|-eau]], from [[table]] and the diminutive suffix.^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873) Etymonline traces the suffix to [[la|-ellus]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In Adenet le Roi's ''Cléomadès'' (about 1280) a ''tabliau'' is a target for javelin-throwing.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 14th century it was a wooden board for public notices (1351), a writing board for children, and a gold panel bearing images (1328).^(TLFi) In 1355 it named a picture painted on a rigid panel, now its main sense; from it came ''une ombre au tableau'' “a fly in the ointment” (1667).^(TLFi) By extension it is a group of images like a painting (1559, Ronsard), a vivid description in words (1612), a scene in the theatre (1758, Diderot) and a division of an act (1842).^(TLFi)

+

+ The idea of a board gave a list displayed for consultation, such as ''tableau d'avancement'' “promotion list”, a table of data seen at a glance (1783), the blackboard (''tableau noir'', 1854, George Sand), a switchboard (1890) and the dashboard of a car (1905).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) English took ''tableau'' “picturesque description” in the 1690s, and ''tableau vivant'' in 1817.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1280 – ''Tabliau'' “target”, Adenet le Roi.^(TLFi)

+ * 1351 – A notice board, at Lille.^(TLFi)

+ * 1355 – A painting on a panel.^(TLFi)

+ * 1612 – A description in words.^(TLFi)

+ * 1667 – ''Une ombre au tableau''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1783 – A table of data, Louis-Sébastien Mercier.^(TLFi)

+ * 1854 – ''Tableau noir'', George Sand.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1905 – The dashboard of a car.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|painting]], picture: ''un tableau de Rembrandt''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A scene, a sight; a vivid description: ''brosser le tableau de la situation'', ''une ombre au tableau''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(theatre)'' A [[m|en|tableau]], a division of an act, ''tableau vivant''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A board: ''tableau noir'', ''tableau blanc'', a blackboard, whiteboard, ''tableau d'affichage'', notice board.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Tableau de bord'': a dashboard; an instrument panel.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|table]], chart: ''tableau périodique''; a list: ''tableau d'honneur''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Tableau de chasse'': the game killed in a hunt; figuratively one's conquests.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[tableautin]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[table]]

+ * [[tablette]]

+ * [[en|tableau]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}