conseiller French · revision 16971

+ {{homograph|1|to advise}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=mid-11th century, Vie de saint Alexis|origins=la consilium}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kɔ̃.sɛ.je/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /kɔ̃.se.je/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''conseiller'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb is [[inh|la-vul|consiliō]],^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|2, 1069b) a form attested in the Salic law in the sense “to ask advice”,^(TLFi) beside the classical deponent [[la|cōnsilior|t=to deliberate; to give advice]], from [[m|la|cōnsilium|t=deliberation; advice]], the source of [[conseil]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|consigliare]], [[pro|coselhar]], [[ca|consellar]], [[es|consejar]] and [[pt|aconselhar]].^(REW 1935)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Vie de saint Alexis'' (mid-11th century) ''conseilier a'' means “to speak in secret to someone”: ''Süef l'apelet, si li ad conseilét'' (“he called him softly and spoke to him in secret”), a sense found only in Old and Middle French.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense “to guide someone by telling him what to do” is in the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100: ''Conseilez moi come mi home saive''),^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) and ''conseiller quelque chose à quelqu'un'' in Chrétien de Troyes's ''Cligès'' (1165–1175).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The GLLF records the literary sense “to urge, prompt”, of a feeling.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ The ironic ''je vous conseille de…'', meaning “you had better not…”, is found from 1796 (Pigault-Lebrun), well before the TLFi's quotation from Zola (1880).^(BHVF) [[déconseiller]] has had its present sense since 1175.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Mid-11th century – “To speak in secret”, in the ''Vie de saint Alexis''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1100 – “To guide”, in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1165–1175 – ''Conseiller quelque chose à quelqu'un'', in ''Cligès''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1175 – ''Déconseiller'' “to advise against”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1796 – Ironic ''je vous conseille de…''.^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''Conseiller quelque chose à quelqu'un'': to [[m|en|advise]], recommend: ''Je vous conseille la prudence'', ''conseiller à quelqu'un de'' (and infinitive).^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Conseiller quelqu'un'': to guide, [[m|en|counsel]] someone.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(literary)'' Of a feeling, to prompt, urge (someone).^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(ironic)'' ''Je vous conseille de vous plaindre !'': you are hardly in a position to complain!^(BHVF)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[déconseiller]]

+ * [[conseilleur]]

+

+ {{homograph|2|adviser}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=881, Séquence de sainte Eulalie|origins=la consilium}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kɔ̃.sɛ.je/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /kɔ̃.se.je/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''conseiller''' ''m'' (plural conseillers, feminine conseillère)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French [[m|fro|conseillier]], ''conseller'' (12th century); the feminine ''conseillère'' is recorded in 1596, first for a counsellor's wife.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The noun is [[inh|la|cōnsiliārius|t=adviser; interpreter]],^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992)^(FEW|2, 1070b) from [[m|la|cōnsilium|t=advice; council]].^(GLLF 1989) Wiktionary instead gives [[m|la|cōnsiliātor]] and notes that the word is equivalent to [[conseil]] + [[-ier]].^(Wiktionary) It has driven out its old doublet [[conseilleur]] (about 1200), formed on the verb.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Séquence de sainte Eulalie'' (881) has ''Elle n'out escoltet les mals conselliers'', “she would not listen to the evil counsellors”.^(Littré 1873)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Beside its general sense, a person who gives advice, it has named since 1340 a person who sits on a council;^(DHLF 1992) the Anglo-Norman texts already use it for a member of the King's Council.^(AND) The GLLF dates its use for members of administrative councils and for high-ranking magistrates to 1464.^(GLLF 1989) Figuratively it is said of what prompts action, as in Musset's ''Orgueil ! le plus fatal des conseillers humains''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989) The preciosity of Molière's time called a mirror ''le conseiller des grâces''.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 881 – ''Conselliers'' in the ''Séquence de sainte Eulalie''.^(Littré 1873)

+ * c. 1200 – The doublet ''conseilleur''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1340 – A member of a council.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1464 – Of magistrates and councillors.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1596 – The feminine ''conseillère''.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|adviser]], [[m|en|counsellor]]: ''un bon conseiller'', ''la colère est mauvaise conseillère'', ''conseiller d'orientation'', careers adviser.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A member of a council, a [[m|en|councillor]]: ''conseiller municipal'', ''conseiller d'État''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # A judge of certain courts: ''conseiller à la Cour de cassation''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[conseil]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}