demande French · revision 16942

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=c. 1170, Béroul, Tristan|origins=la mando}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /də.mɑ̃d/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''demande''' ''f'' (plural demandes)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a deverbal noun from [[demander]],^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary) which continues [[la|dēmandō|t=to entrust, commit]]; the sense “to ask” is found in nearly all the Romance languages, and the verb replaced classical [[m|la|interrogō]] for asking questions and [[m|la|petō]] for asking for things.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The Latin verb is formed on [[m|la|mandō|t=to hand over, order]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The economic sense was taken from [[en|demand]] (1776, Adam Smith).^(TLFi)

+

+ Compare [[pro|demanda]], [[es|demanda]] and [[it|dimanda]];^(Littré 1873) Old French also had a masculine [[m|fro|demant]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Béroul's ''Tristan'' (about 1170) uses it for the act of making known what one wants.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ At the end of the 13th century it also meant the thing asked for, and about 1285 a question asked to learn something (Adam de la Halle, ''Robin et Marion'').^(TLFi) In law it is a claim brought before a court (Beaumanoir, 1283), whence [[demandeur]] “plaintiff”.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873) ''Demande en mariage'' is a proposal made to a girl's parents.^(GLLF 1989) The economic sense, opposed to supply, is in the French translation of Adam Smith's ''Wealth of Nations'' (1778).^(TLFi)^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1170 – A request, in Béroul's ''Tristan''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1283 – A legal claim, in Beaumanoir.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1285 – A question, in Adam de la Halle.^(TLFi)

+ * Late 13th century – The thing asked for.^(TLFi)

+ * 1776 – English ''demand'' in Adam Smith.^(TLFi)

+ * 1778 – Economic “demand”, in the French Adam Smith.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|request|alt=Request]]: ''faire une demande'', ''demande d'emploi'', a job application, ''à la demande générale'', by popular request.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Demande en mariage'': a [[m|en|proposal]] of marriage.^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(law)'' A claim, petition brought before a court.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(economics)'' [[m|en|demand|alt=Demand]], as opposed to supply.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(dated)'' A question.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[demander]]

+ * [[demandeur]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}