trente French · revision 16934

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont|origins=la triginta}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /tʁɑ̃t/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trente''' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ Old French [[m|fro|trenta]] (about 980), ''trente'' (about 1050).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|trente]], [[inh|la-vul|*trinta]], a contraction of [[la|trīgintā|t=thirty]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|13/2, 270b) itself formed on [[m|la|trēs|t=three]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873) Wiktionary traces the Latin numeral to [[ine-pro|*tri(d)ḱomt|t=thirty]].^(Wiktionary) Rey notes that the word is found in all the Romance languages except Romanian.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|trenta]], [[pro|trenta]], [[ca|trenta]], [[es|treinta]] and [[pt|trinta]].^(REW 1935)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Passion'' of Clermont (about 980) has ''trenta'', and the ''Vie de saint Alexis'' (about 1050) ''Trent' e quatre anz ad si sun cors penét'', “for thirty-four years he so mortified his body”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Trente-six'' is used familiarly for an indefinite number (1306), as in ''voir trente-six chandelles'' “to see stars” (1828) and ''tous les trente-six du mois'' “once in a blue moon” (1831).^(DHLF 1992) As a noun it names the number (1463) and enters card-game names: ''trente-et-un'' (1464), ''trente-et-quarante'' (1648).^(DHLF 1992) ''Se mettre sur son trente et un'' “to put on one's best clothes” dates from 1833; the variants ''sur son trente-deux'' (1834) and ''trente-six'' (1867) tell against anecdotal explanations, and Rey suggests an allusion to the day beyond an ordinary month of thirty.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ''La guerre de Trente Ans'', the German war of 1618–1648, is so named in 1750.^(DHLF 1992) Since 1872 the cardinal has also been used as an ordinal (''page trente'').^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(BHVF) In tennis Richelet (1680) records it as half of a game of four points.^(GLLF 1989) [[trentaine]] and [[trentième]] date from the 12th century, [[trentenaire]] from 1495.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 980 – ''Trenta'' in the ''Passion''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1050 – ''Trente'' in the ''Vie de saint Alexis''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1306 – ''Trente-six'' for an indefinite number.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1464 – The card game ''trente-et-un''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1680 – A tennis score (Richelet).^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1750 – ''La guerre de Trente Ans''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1828 – ''Voir trente-six chandelles''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1833 – ''Se mettre sur son trente et un''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1872 – As an ordinal.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|thirty|alt=Thirty]]: ''Septembre a trente jours'', ''la guerre de Trente Ans''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(ordinal)'' Thirtieth: ''page trente''.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The number thirty; the thirtieth day of the month.^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(tennis)'' Thirty.^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''Se mettre sur son trente et un'': to dress up to the nines.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''Trente-six'' ''(familiar)'': umpteen, ''voir trente-six chandelles'', to see stars.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[trentaine]]

+ * [[trentième]]

+ * [[trentenaire]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trois]]

+ * [[la|triginta]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Trente'' is also the French name of the Italian city of Trento.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}