admirer French · revision 16914

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1360, Froissart|origins=la miror}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ad.mi.ʁe/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''admirer'''^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Amirer'' (1360), ''s'ammirer'' (1468); ''admirer'' is a relatinized spelling of the 16th century.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|admīror|t=to wonder at, admire]], first adapted as “amirer”; the ⟨d⟩ was restored in the 16th century.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary) The Latin verb is formed from [[m|la|ad-|t=to, at]] and [[m|la|mīror|t=to wonder]] (see [[mirer]]).^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Littré 1873) The restored ⟨d⟩ was silent at first;^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi) Féraud (1768) insists that it must be pronounced and calls “amiré” a mistake.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+

+ Old French mostly said [[se merveiller]], which “admirer” displaced.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873) Cognate with [[it|ammirare]], [[es|admirar]], [[pt|admirar]], [[ca|admirar]] and [[ro|admira]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Froissart uses ''amirer'' in 1360 for “to appreciate”, and ''s'ammirer'' (1468) meant “to be astonished”.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Until the early 17th century the dominant sense was the Latin one, “to wonder at, look on with surprise”, as in Corneille (1644): ''j'admire cette antipathie qui vous l'a fait haïr avant que de le voir''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) The modern sense, “to feel great esteem for”, appeared in 1566 and spread to things and acts, with moral and aesthetic shades.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) An ironic use, finding something strange or blameworthy (''j'admire votre confiance''), continues the classical one.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ The derivatives [[admiration]] (about 1190, ''amiration''), [[admirable]] (13th century, ''amirable'') and [[admiratif]] (1370, Oresme) at first likewise meant “astonishment”, “astonishing”, “amazed”.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1190 – ''Amiration'' “astonishment”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1360 – ''Amirer'' “to appreciate”, in Froissart.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1468 – ''S'ammirer'' “to be astonished”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1542 – ''Admirateur''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1566 – “To hold in high esteem”.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ * 1644 – “To look on with surprise”, in Corneille.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1768 – Féraud insists on pronouncing the ⟨d⟩.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|admire]], look on with admiration; to hold in high esteem.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(ironic)'' To find (something) surprising or excessive: ''j'admire votre confiance'', ''je vous admire de rester calme''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(archaic)'' To look on with astonishment, wonder at.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[admirable]]

+ * [[admirateur]]

+ * [[admiratif]]

+ * [[admiration]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mirer]]

+ * [[merveille]]

+ * [[la|admīror]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}