durant French · revision 16909

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1260, Étienne Boileau, Livre des métiers}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /dy.ʁɑ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''durant''' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|durer|-ant]], the present participle of the verb “to last”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Littré 1873) It was first the verb of a participial clause, generally placed after its noun (“le mariage durant” “while the marriage lasted”, 13th century); once placed before the noun, after the Latin ablative absolute of legal language, it was felt as a preposition.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) [[pendant]] went through the same change.^(TLFi)

+

+ It matches [[pro|durant]], [[es|durante]] and [[it|durante]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Étienne Boileau's ''Livre des métiers'' (1260) has ''durant ledit terme'' “during the said term”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The postposed construction is in Beaumanoir (about 1283: ''le mariage durant'') and Froissart (''ce temps durant''), and it survives in a few phrases such as ''sa vie durant'' and ''des heures durant'', where it keeps the value of a participle.^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) Placed before the noun it is common from the 16th century (''durant le chemin'', Montaigne).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Littré 1873)

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+ The conjunction ''durant que'' “while” (15th century, Amyot, Corneille) is now very literary in France but ordinary in Quebec, where it is used where European French says ''pendant que''.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1260 – ''Durant ledit terme'', in Étienne Boileau.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1283 – ''Le mariage durant'', in Beaumanoir.^(GLLF 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+ * 15th century – ''Durant que'' “while”.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 16th century – Regularly placed before the noun.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Preposition===

+ # [[m|en|during|alt=During]], throughout: ''durant la nuit'', ''durant l'été''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(after the noun)'' For the whole of: ''parler une heure durant'', ''sa vie durant''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''Durant que'': while (literary in France; ordinary in Quebec).^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[durer]]

+ * [[durée]]

+ * [[pendant]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}