parier French · revision 16871

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1313, Le Martyre de saint Baccus|origins=la par}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /pa.ʁje/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parier'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|fro|perier|t=to go together with, be equal to]], remade after [[la-lat|pariō|t=to make equal; to be equal]]; the Old French verb was derived from the adjective [[m|fro|per|t=equal]] (see [[pair]]), and the old sense “to mate” comes from Old French [[m|fro|pairier|t=to couple]], derived from [[paire]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary) The Late Latin verb is formed on [[m|la|pār|t=equal]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ The Late Latin verb also gave [[pro|pariar|t=to share]] and [[es|pariar|t=to pay tribute]].^(REW 1935)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ ''Le Martyre de saint Baccus'' (1313) has ''pariier'' for comparing, putting on a par with;^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) Amyot (1559) has ''se parier à'', ''quel champion se parira à un tel homme?''.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The modern sense appeared in the 16th century: to assert, stake oneself on an opinion (1547, Mellin de Saint-Gelais), and at play to stake a sum on a bet (1549, Robert Estienne), properly “to put up equal stakes”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) Monet (1636) records betting that a named player will win (''parier sur''), and Pascal (1662) uses it absolutely, “to take the risk of choosing”, in the wager on the existence of God.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) From 1762 (Voltaire) it also means “to be fairly sure that”, and in weakened form “to think, suppose”.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ The sense “to pair, mate” (1464), still used of mares by Olivier de Serres, has died out and is now taken by [[apparier]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873) The derivatives are [[pari]] (1640, ''pary''), [[parieur]] (1640) and the hunting term [[pariade]] (1690), the pairing season of birds.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1313 – ''Pariier'' “to compare, put on a par”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1464 – “To pair, mate”, in Pierre Michault.^(TLFi)

+ * 1547 – “To stake oneself on an opinion”, in Mellin de Saint-Gelais.^(TLFi)

+ * 1549 – “To bet (a sum)”, in Robert Estienne.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1636 – ''Parier sur'' a player, in Monet.^(TLFi)

+ * 1640 – ''Pary'' “bet” and ''parieur''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1662 – Pascal's wager.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1762 – “To be fairly sure that”, in Voltaire.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|bet]], wager (a stake): ''je parie une bouteille de champagne qu'il acceptera'', ''qu'est-ce qu'on parie ?''^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To bet on (a competitor): ''parier vingt euros sur le favori''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To be fairly sure, suppose.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(rare)'' To pair, mate.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pari]]

+ * [[parieur]]

+ * [[pariade]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pair]]

+ * [[paire]]

+ * [[apparier]]

+ * [[la|pār]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}