refaire French · revision 16863

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1112, Benedeit, Voyage de saint Brendan|origins=la facio}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʁə.fɛʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''refaire'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|re-|faire]].^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(GLLF 1989) [[faire]] continues [[la|faciō|t=to make, do]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|3, 347b)

+

+ It matches [[pcd|erfoère|t=to redo; to dupe]], [[wa|rifé]], [[pro|refar]], [[ca|refer]], [[es|rehacer]] and [[it|rifare]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Voyage de saint Brendan'' (about 1112–1120) has ''être refait'' for being rested, restored to vigour;^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) Chrétien de Troyes uses ''se refaire'' in ''Erec'' (about 1170).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Wace has it for making something be done again (1130–1140) and for repairing, restoring (1155); about 1160–1174 it meant “to do in turn”.^(TLFi) The 12th century also has it for rebuilding: ''refaire e pupler'' the kingdoms, ''le temple neteer e refaire''.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ In slang it meant “to dupe” (1700) and “to rob” (about 1800); ''il est refait comme un Claude'' “he let himself be fooled like a simpleton” is from 1820–1840.^(TLFi) Among gamblers ''se refaire'' is to win back one's losses (before 1720, Mme du Noyer), and ''cela vous refera'' “that will set you up again” is in Casanova.^(TLFi)^(BHVF) Modern phrases include ''refaire sa vie'' “to start a new life” and ''refaire surface'' “to resurface”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1112 – ''Être refait'' “to be restored”, in the ''Voyage de saint Brendan''.^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)

+ * 1130–1140 – “To have (something) done again”, in Wace.^(TLFi)

+ * 1155 – “To repair, restore”, in Wace's ''Brut''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1170 – ''Se refaire'', in Chrétien de Troyes.^(TLFi)

+ * 1700 – Slang “to dupe”.^(TLFi)

+ * before 1720 – ''Se refaire'' at gambling.^(TLFi)^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|redo]], do again: ''refaire un pansement'', ''refaire les mêmes erreurs''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To remake, do differently, recast: ''refaire entièrement un ouvrage''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To repair, [[m|en|renovate]]: ''refaire la toiture''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(reflexive)'' ''Se refaire'': to recover one's strength, recuperate, ''(gambling)'' to win back one's losses.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)^(BHVF)

+ # ''(familiar)'' To [[m|en|dupe]], cheat: ''être refait''.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''Refaire sa vie'': to start a new life, ''refaire surface'', to resurface.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[refait]]

+ * [[réfection]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[faire]]

+ * [[défaire]]

+ * [[la|faciō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}