respecter French · revision 16860

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=1554, Papiers d'État du cardinal de Granvelle|origins=la respecto}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʁɛs.pɛk.te/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''respecter'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ According to the TLFi it is [[bor|la|respectō|t=to look back; to have in view, take into account]];^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary also calls it a borrowing.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary) The Grand Robert, the GLLF, the Petit Robert, Bloch and Wartburg and Littré derive it instead from [[respect]], with which its senses developed in parallel.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ Old French had a popular form, [[m|fro|respitier]], [[m|fro|respoitier]] “to spare; to put off” (about 1135, “Couronnement de Louis”; 1160–1174, Wace), which meant to grant a respite (see [[répit]]).^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in 1554, in the papers of Cardinal Granvelle, for “to take into consideration”: ''respectant l'estat de ce royaulme'' “having regard to the state of this kingdom”.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense “to honour, show respect to” is in Rivaudeau (1566), ''qu'on m'honore et respecte''.^(TLFi) Baïf (1573) uses it for “not to harm, to preserve”, and Montaigne (about 1590) for “to follow scrupulously”, ''respectant et craignant sa raison et sa conscience''.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) ''Respecter une femme'', to refrain from taking liberties with her, is in Balzac (1833).^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) In modern use it also means to keep to a deadline or comply with a rule.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1554 – “To take into account”, in the papers of Cardinal Granvelle.^(TLFi)

+ * 1566 – “To honour”, in Rivaudeau.^(TLFi)

+ * 1573 – “To spare, preserve”, in Baïf.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1590 – “To follow scrupulously”, in Montaigne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1833 – ''Respecter une femme'', in Balzac.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|respect]], hold in esteem, honour: ''respecter ses parents'', ''se faire respecter''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To spare, not harm, keep intact: ''respecter la nature''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To [[m|en|comply]] with, observe (a rule, a law, a custom).^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # To meet (a deadline).^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Respecter une femme'': to refrain from taking liberties with her.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[respectable]]

+ * [[respectueux]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[respect]]

+ * [[répit]]

+ * [[irrespect]]

+ * [[la|respectō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}