concerner French · revision 16857

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=1385, Preuves de l'histoire de Bourgogne|origins=la-lat concerno}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kɔ̃.sɛʁ.ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''concerner'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la-med|concernō|t=to relate to]] (recorded in 1230), a scholastic development of [[la-lat|concernō|t=to sift together, mix; to view as a whole]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) The Late Latin verb is usually taken from [[m|la|con-|t=together]] and [[m|la|cernō|t=to sift; to distinguish]].^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873) According to Ernout and Meillet, however, the link with the simple verb is secondary: the Late Latin verb was first formed on [[m|la|concrētus|t=grown together]], from [[m|la|concrēscō|t=to grow together]], wrongly connected with the simple verb because it was felt to be the opposite of [[m|la|discrētus]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in a document of 1385 printed in the ''Preuves de l'histoire de Bourgogne''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The modern use, “to have to do with, relate to”, was established in Middle French: ''jonesses ne concernoient en quelconque maniere le noble lieu dont il estoit venu'' (15th century).^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873) ''En ce qui concerne'', ''pour ce qui concerne'' were recorded by Furetière in 1690, and the present participle gave the preposition [[concernant]] (1596).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ The passive ''être concerné'' “to be affected, involved” (18th century), much criticized, spread under the influence of [[en|concerned]] (''to be concerned''), and by a natural shift from ''cela me concerne'' to ''je suis concerné''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1385 – First record, in a Burgundian document.^(TLFi)

+ * 1596 – The preposition ''concernant''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1690 – ''En ce qui concerne'', in Furetière.^(TLFi)

+ * 18th century – The passive ''être concerné''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|concern]], relate to, apply to: ''voici une lettre qui vous concerne'', ''cela ne vous concerne pas'', it is none of your business.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''En ce qui concerne'': as regards, as for, ''en ce qui me concerne'', as far as I am concerned.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Être concerné'': to be affected, involved, personally interested.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[concernant]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[discerner]]

+ * [[concret]]

+ * [[la-lat|concernō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}