apprécier French · revision 16838

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1391, Coutume d'Anjou et du Maine|origins=la pretium}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /a.pʁe.sje/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''apprécier'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la-lat|appretiō|t=to value, appraise]], a word of Church Latin, from [[m|la|ad-]] and [[m|la|pretiō|t=to value]], itself from [[m|la|pretium|t=price]] (see [[prix]]).^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)^(FEW|9, 374a) Wiktionary calls it a semi-learned borrowing.^(Wiktionary) Old French had an inherited verb of the same origin, [[m|fro|aprisier]] (about 1270), beside which [[priser]] continues the simple verb.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[pro|apreciar]], [[es|apreciar]] and [[it|apprezzare]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first recorded in 1391, in the ''Coutume d'Anjou et du Maine'', meaning “to set a price on, value”.^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From valuing a price the verb widened to estimating a quantity approximately (1712), then to passing a critical judgment on something or someone (1740) and, last, to judging favourably (1793); Rey compares the parallel history of [[estimer]].^(DHLF 1992) In the classical language it could mean to put up for sale at auction: La Bruyère speaks of sacraments that seem to be priced.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ The noun [[appréciation]] (1389) was probably formed from the verb, despite a rare Late Latin model, and, from the early 19th century meant judging in general, favourable or not.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) [[appréciable]] (1486) came to mean “perceptible” (1765) and then “fairly large”.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1389 – The noun [[appréciation]].^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1391 – First record of the verb, “to set a price on”.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1486 – [[appréciable]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1712 – “To estimate a quantity”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1740 – “To judge critically”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1793 – “To value, esteem”.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(formal)'' To determine the price or value of; to [[m|en|appraise]]: ''l'expert a apprécié le mobilier''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To estimate roughly, by the senses or the mind: ''apprécier une distance''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # To judge, assess the worth of a person or conduct.^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To [[m|en|appreciate]], like, think highly of.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[appréciable]]

+ * [[appréciateur]]

+ * [[appréciatif]]

+ * [[appréciation]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[précieux]]

+ * [[prix]]

+ * [[priser]]

+ * [[estimer]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}