accorder French · revision 16831

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (acorder)|origins=la cor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /a.kɔʁ.de/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''accorder'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|acorder]], [[inh|la-vul|*accordō|t=to agree; to bring into agreement]],^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(FEW|24, 83b) formed by a change of prefix from [[la|concordō|t=to agree]], which in Late Latin also meant “to reconcile”, after other verbs with these prefixes.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The base is [[m|la|cor|t=heart]] (see [[cœur]]), with the influence of [[m|la|chorda|t=string of an instrument]] (see [[corde]]) for the musical sense.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989) Littré rejects Ménage's derivation from the word for a string and points to Latin [[m|la|concors|t=of one mind]].^(Littré 1873) Meyer-Lübke's REW gives a form [[m|la-vul|*acchordō]] “to tune strings”, and Bloch and Wartburg date the musical sense only from the 14th century.^(REW 1935)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|accordare]], [[es|acordar]] and [[pro|acordar]];^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873) Italian has both senses, Spanish and Old Occitan only the moral one.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) uses it for “to reconcile” and reflexively for “to make peace with”: ''À Charlemagne se voudrat acorder''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the 12th century it took the legal sense “to decide”, since lost, and then “to conclude an agreement” (1291), “to concede, grant” and “to admit as true”.^(DHLF 1992) ''S'accorder'' was used of things that harmonize (1170), still a usual sense.^(DHLF 1992) In the 15th century it meant to promise a girl in marriage, whence [[accordailles]] (1539); the sense survives in western dialects.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Grammar has ''accorder'' (15th century) and ''s'accorder'' (1607) for agreement between words, and painting ''s'accorder'' (1677).^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Under the influence of ''chorda'' the verb meant to use the voice or an instrument in harmony (1158–80), to play together (about 1200) and, in the 14th century, to [[m|en|tune]] an instrument, whence [[accordeur]] (1325; piano tuner, 1768).^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The noun [[accord]] (''acort'', about 1160, Wace) is formed from the verb.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – “To reconcile”, ''Chanson de Roland''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1160 – The noun ''acort'' ([[accord]]), Wace.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1170 – ''S'acorder'' of things that harmonize.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1291 – “To conclude an agreement”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 14th century – “To tune an instrument”.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 15th century – Grammatical agreement;^(DHLF 1992) “to betroth”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1539 – [[accordailles]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|grant]], allow, ''(sports)'' to award a penalty.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To admit, concede.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To bring into harmony, reconcile, ''(classical)'' to make peace between people.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(grammar)'' To make a word agree with another.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(music)'' To [[m|en|tune]] an instrument, ''accorder ses violons'', to agree on what to say or do.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''S'accorder'': to agree, come to an agreement; to get on well; of things, to go together, match, ''(grammar)'' to agree.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(old or regional)'' To betroth.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[accord]]

+ * [[accordailles]]

+ * [[accordeur]]

+ * [[désaccord]]

+ * [[désaccorder]]

+ * [[raccorder]]

+ * [[raccord]]

+ * [[raccordement]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[concorder]]

+ * [[cœur]]

+ * [[corde]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}