celui-ci French · revision 16821

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1372|origins=la ecce, la ille}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /sə.lɥi.si/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''celui-ci''' ''m'' (feminine '''celle-ci''', masculine plural '''ceux-ci''', feminine plural '''celles-ci''')^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a compound [[af|fr|celui|-ci]], formed in the 14th century (1372) with the adverbial particle of [[ici]];^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873)^(Grand Robert 2005) [[celui-là]] followed in the 15th century, or in the 13th according to the Petit Robert.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) Bloch and Wartburg explain that these compounds were created to make up for the loss of the old contrast between the demonstrative adjectives and pronouns.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ [[celui]] itself continues [[la-vul|*ecce illui]], from [[m|la|ecce|t=behold]] and a dative form of [[m|la|ille|t=that]]; it replaced the Old French nominative [[m|fro|cil]] and the oblique [[m|fro|cel]], which disappeared in the 16th century.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|4, 552b)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Bloch and Wartburg date it to 1372.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Littré's earliest quotations are from the 16th century, for example Montaigne's ''ceulx-ci'' of the verses just quoted.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Until the 16th century ''celui'' was both pronoun and adjective; when it became a pure pronoun, the forms in ''-ci'' and ''-là'' took over the contrast of near and far.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) In principle ''celui-ci'' refers to what is nearer, or to what is about to be mentioned, and ''celui-là'' to what is farther off or already mentioned, but ''celui-là'' is more common when there is no contrast.^(Petit Robert 2007) Familiar speech has the reduced form [[çui-ci]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1372 – First record of ''celui-ci''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 15th century – [[celui-là]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 16th century – The old forms ''cil'' and ''cel'' disappear.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1694 – Recorded by the Académie.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Pronoun===

+ # This one, the one here, as opposed to ''celui-là'': ''de ces deux maisons, celle-ci est la plus grande''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The [[m|en|latter]], the one just mentioned.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # What follows, what is about to be mentioned.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[çui-ci]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[celui-là]]

+ * [[ce]]

+ * [[celui]]

+ * [[ceci]]

+ * [[cela]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}