peindre French · revision 16812

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (peinz)|origins=la pingō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /pɛ̃dʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''peindre'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|peindre]], [[inh|la|pingō|t=to paint, colour; to embroider; to adorn; to depict]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|8, 522b)^(Wiktionary) Rey and the Petit Robert relate the Latin verb to the Indo-European root [[ine-pro|*peyḱ-|t=to adorn, mark]], seen in [[ae|paēsa|t=ornament]] and [[goh|fēh|t=many-coloured]], and in words for writing such as [[peo|niyapaišam|t=I wrote]]; [[grc|ποικίλος|tr=poikílos|t=many-coloured]] belongs to the same root.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|pingere]], [[oc|pintar]], [[ca|pintar]], [[es|pintar]] and [[pt|pintar]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) has the past participle for decorating with colour: ''Et cil escuz, ki ben sunt peinz a flurs'', “and those shields, well painted with flowers”; the same poem has it for depicting with lines and colour.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Decorating with colour was said of shields, marble, cloth (''toile peinte'', 1690) and wallpaper (''papier peint'', 1834).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The participle ''peint'' meant “coloured, variegated” in 16th-century poetry (Marot, 1525–33).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The verb has a metaphorical use from about 1165 and a reflexive ''se peindre'' “to show itself” (Madame de La Fayette, 1669–84).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) By analogy it meant to make up the face (Montaigne, 1588), and one said ''peindre sa barbe'' (Marot, before 1544) where modern French says ''teindre''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Its sense “to describe” (''Eneas'', about 1160) declined in favour of [[dépeindre]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Achever de peindre quelqu'un'', to complete his ruin, is recorded before 1526 (Jean Marot).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Peinz'', ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1160 – “To describe”, ''Eneas''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1290 – [[repeindre]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * Before 1526 – ''Achever de peindre''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1588 – “To make up the face”, Montaigne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – ''Toile peinte'', Furetière.^(TLFi)

+ * 1834 – ''Papier peint''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|paint]], cover with paint: ''peindre un mur en bleu''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To paint a picture of; to represent in painting; absolutely, to be a painter.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # To depict in words, [[m|en|describe]].^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''Se peindre'': to show, be reflected: ''la mort se peignait sur son visage''.^(TLFi)

+ # ''(dated)'' To make up, dye.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[peintre]]

+ * [[peinture]]

+ * [[repeindre]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dépeindre]]

+ * [[la|pingō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}