quinze French · revision 16768

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland|origins=la quīndecim}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kɛ̃z/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quinze''' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|quinze]], [[inh|la|quīndecim|t=fifteen]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|2, 1478b)^(Wiktionary) a compound of [[m|la|quīnque|t=five]] (see [[cinq]]) and [[m|la|decem|t=ten]] (see [[dix]]); Littré notes that the stress was on the first syllable.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ Cognate with [[pro|quinze]], [[ca|quinze]], [[es|quince]] and [[it|quindici]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) has ''De dulce France i a quinze milliers'', “there are fifteen thousand from sweet France”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Quinze jours'' is the usual phrase for two weeks, instead of fourteen.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) Like other numerals it is used as an ordinal for a day of the month (early 18th century) and after a name or number: ''Louis quinze'', ''page quinze'' (1869).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(BHVF)

+

+ As a noun it was one of the four strokes of real tennis (about 1470), then the first point in tennis (Larousse, 1932); Richelet records it at cards (1680), and Madame de Maintenon names a card game (1711).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) Since 1898 ''le quinze'' is a rugby team, as in ''le quinze de France''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Quinze'', ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1112 – [[quinzaine]].^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1470 – A stroke in real tennis.^(TLFi)

+ * 1680 – A score at cards, Richelet.^(TLFi)

+ * Early 18th century – A date, ''le quinze''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1898 – A rugby fifteen.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|fifteen]]: ''quinze minutes'', ''quinze jours'', a [[m|en|fortnight]], ''(d')aujourd'hui en quinze'', two weeks today.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # Fifteenth: ''page quinze'', ''Louis quinze''.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The number fifteen; the fifteenth day of a month: ''le quinze août''.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(tennis)'' Fifteen, the first point in a game.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(rugby)'' A team of fifteen players: ''le quinze de France''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[quinzaine]]

+ * [[quinzième]]

+ * [[quinzièmement]]

+ * [[quinze-vingts]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cinq]]

+ * [[dix]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}