ranger French · revision 16679

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1160, Benoît de Sainte-Maure, Roman de Troie (rengier)|origins=frk *hring}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʁɑ̃.ʒe/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ranger'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''rengier'' (about 1160), ''rangier'' (about 1175); ''ranger'' from the 13th century, ''renger'' in the 16th.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|rang|-er]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|16, 242a) The related [[m|fro|dérangier]] (late 11th century) suggests that the simple verb is older than its first record.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) [[rang]], first [[m|fro|renc]], continues [[der|frk|*hring|t=circle, ring]], compare [[de|Ring]], Bloch and Wartburg think it came in with the sense “assembly, judicial or military”, after the Germanic custom of meeting in a circle (compare [[harangue]]).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Compare [[pro|rengar]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Benoît de Sainte-Maure's ''Roman de Troie'' (about 1165) has ''rengier'' for drawing up people in one or more ranks, and the reflexive for forming ranks.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From about 1200 it also meant “to go through, range over” (''Aspremont'') and, at sea, “to sail along (the coast)” (Amyot, 1559).^(TLFi) The sense “to put in its place, in order” is found in Bonaventure des Périers (1551) and Montaigne (1580), and Madame de Sévigné (1680) uses it for tidying a room.^(TLFi) Malherbe (1611) has ''ranger au nombre de'' “to count among”, and Oudin (1660) “to move aside”.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ The reflexive took several senses: “to take someone's side” (1381), ''se ranger sous les drapeaux de'' (Racine, 1673), “to stand aside to let someone pass” (Molière, 1668), of a ship ''se ranger à quai'' (1831), and “to settle down, mend one's ways” (Carolet, 1732, Féraud, 1787).^(TLFi)^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1165 – ''Rengier'' “to draw up in ranks”, Benoît de Sainte-Maure.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1200 – “To range over”, ''Aspremont''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1381 – ''Se ranger'' “to take sides”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1551 – “To put in order”, Bonaventure des Périers.^(TLFi)

+ * 1611 – ''Ranger au nombre de'', Malherbe.^(TLFi)

+ * 1668 – ''Se ranger'' “to stand aside”, Molière.^(TLFi)

+ * 1680 – “To tidy (a room)”, Madame de Sévigné.^(TLFi)

+ * 1732 – ''Se ranger'' “to settle down”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To put away, put in its place; to [[m|en|tidy]]: ''rangez vos affaires'', ''ranger sa chambre''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|arrange]], put in order, classify: ''ranger des dossiers'', ''ranger parmi'', to count among.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(dated)'' To draw up in rows or ranks: ''troupes rangées'', ''bataille rangée'', pitched battle.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To park (a vehicle); to move aside.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Se ranger'': to line up; to stand aside, pull over; to side with: ''se ranger à l'avis de quelqu'un''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''Se ranger'': to settle down, mend one's ways.^(TLFi)^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rangée]]

+ * [[rangement]]

+ * [[rangeur]]

+ * [[arranger]]

+ * [[déranger]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rang]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The noun ''ranger'', pronounced /ʁɑ̃dʒɛʁ/ or /ʁɑ̃dʒœʁ/, is a separate borrowing (1844) from [[en|ranger]] in its American use, first a member of a mounted militia, then a park ranger (1869) and a soldier of an elite unit (1947); French alone uses it for a high combat boot.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}