magasin French · revision 16670

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1389, Philippe de Mézières (maguesin)|origins=ar خزن}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ma.ɡa.zɛ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''magasin''' ''m'' (plural magasins)^(Wiktionary)

+ Middle French ''maguesin'' (1389), ''magasin'' from 1409.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is borrowed from [[ar|مَخَازِن|tr=maḵāzin]], the plural of [[m|ar|مَخْزَن|tr=maḵzan|t=storehouse]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|19, 114a) from the verb [[m|ar|خَزَنَ|tr=ḵazana|t=to store, amass]].^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873) It came either through Provençal or as [[bor|it|magazzino]] (from 1308).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary) [[la-med|magazenum]] appears in 1228 in a law on contracts allowing the merchants of Marseille to keep warehouses in the ports of the Maghreb (Bloch and Wartburg: 1229, at Bougie), when the word still applied only to warehouses in North African towns.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The singular came back at the end of the 19th century as [[maghzen]], the government of the sultan of Morocco.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Compare [[es|almacén]] and [[pt|armazém]], with the Arabic article.^(REW 1935)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Philippe de Mézières's ''Songe du vieil pelerin'' (1389) uses ''maguesin'' for a storehouse for goods; the ''Livre des faits'' of Marshal Boucicaut (1409) has ''magasin'' for the shops of the Saracens.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Ronsard (1562) uses it figuratively and Montaigne has ''faire magasin'' “to lay in a store” (1580) and ''le magasin de la memoire''.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) The sense “storehouse” lives on, especially in the army (Bossuet, 1669); in everyday French it is now rare except in African French.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The magazine of a firearm (1873) and of a camera (1912) continue the same idea.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Before 1615 the word began to name a place of sale, distinct from ''boutique'' as a wholesale house (''marchand en magasin'', Furetière, 1690); the distinction blurred in the 18th century (1723), and in the 19th ''magasin'' replaced ''boutique'' for a large shop.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Grand magasin'' “department store” (1883, Zola) followed the founding of the Bon Marché (1852), the Louvre (1855) and the Printemps (1865).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) The clipped ''magase'' appears in writing about 1940.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1228 – Medieval Latin ''magazenum'', Marseille.^(TLFi)

+ * 1389 – ''Maguesin'', Philippe de Mézières.^(TLFi)

+ * 1409 – ''Magasin'', ''Livre des faits'' of Boucicaut.^(TLFi)

+ * 1580 – ''Faire magasin'', Montaigne.^(TLFi)

+ * Before 1615 – A place of sale, Étienne Pasquier.^(TLFi)

+ * 1669 – Military storehouse, Bossuet.^(TLFi)

+ * 1692 – [[magasinier]].^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1762 – [[emmagasiner]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1873 – Magazine of a firearm.^(TLFi)

+ * 1883 – ''Grand magasin''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1912 – Magazine of a camera.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|shop]], [[m|en|store]]: ''magasin de chaussures'', ''grand magasin'', department store, ''courir les magasins''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A storehouse, [[m|en|warehouse]], ''en magasin'', in stock.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(military)'' A store for arms, munitions or supplies.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # The [[m|en|magazine]] of a firearm; the magazine of a camera.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Louisiana)'' A barn.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[magasinage]]

+ * [[magasinier]]

+ * [[emmagasiner]]

+ * [[magasiner]]

+ * [[arrière-magasin]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[boutique]]

+ * [[en|magazine]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The Grand Robert gives a numbered entry of its own to ''magasin'' in the sense of [[en|magazine]] (1650), a word of the same origin.^(Grand Robert 2005) In Quebec French [[magasiner]] means “to go shopping”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}