considérer French · revision 16653

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1241–1257, Vie de saint François|origins=la sīdus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kɔ̃.si.de.ʁe/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''considérer'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|cōnsīderō|t=to examine closely, look at attentively; to reflect on]], formed with [[m|la|cum]] on [[m|la|sīdus|t=constellation, star]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|2, 1067b)^(Wiktionary) Rey takes it to have been a verb of the language of augury or seafaring, like [[m|la|contemplor]], which became secular in the sense “to look at attentively, reflect on”, Littré too links it with watching the stars.^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873) It replaced the inherited Old French doublet [[m|fro|consirer|t=to reflect]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ Compare [[pro|cossirar]], [[es|considerar]] and [[it|considerare]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is recorded in the ''Vie de saint François'' (1241–57) without example, Brunetto Latini (about 1265) uses it for looking at something attentively and, figuratively, for examining with care.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The GLLF and the Petit Robert date it from 1150.^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 14th century Bersuire and Oresme use it often: ''Vous considerastes que le peuple romain…''.^(Littré 1873) Commynes (before 1511) has ''considérer que'' “to judge that”, Corneille (1643) “to hold in esteem”, and the Académie (1835) the construction ''considérer comme'' “to regard as”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Tout bien considéré'' means “all things considered”, and the present participle ''considérant'' became a noun in the legal sense “preamble, whereas” (1792).^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1241–1257 – ''Vie de saint François''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1265 – “To look at attentively”, Brunetto Latini.^(TLFi)

+ * Before 1511 – ''Considérer que'', Commynes.^(TLFi)

+ * 1643 – “To esteem”, Corneille.^(TLFi)

+ * 1792 – ''Considérant'' as a noun.^(TLFi)

+ * 1835 – ''Considérer comme'', Académie.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To look at attentively, contemplate: ''considérer quelqu'un avec dédain''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|consider]], examine, weigh: ''considérer le pour et le contre'', ''tout bien considéré''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Considérer comme'': to regard as: ''je le considère comme un ami''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Considérer que'': to think, judge that.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To esteem, think highly of: ''être très considéré''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[considérant]]

+ * [[reconsidérer]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[considérable]]

+ * [[considération]]

+ * [[sidéral]]

+ * [[désirer]]

+ * [[la|cōnsīderō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}