créer French · revision 16634

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1119, Philippe de Thaon, Comput (crier)|origins=la creō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kʁe.e/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''créer'''^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Crier'' (about 1119), ''creer'' (1155, Wace).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|creō|t=to create, produce, beget; to appoint]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|2, 1296a)^(Wiktionary) The Latin word was at first a rustic term meaning “to make grow, produce”, from the same root as [[m|la|crēscō|t=to grow]] (see [[croître]]); it came to mean “to bring into being”, with a legal sense, “to appoint”, and a Christian one, “to create out of nothing”, translating [[grc|κτίζω|tr=ktízō]].^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[oc|crear]], [[es|crear]], [[it|creare]] and [[pt|criar]].^(Littré 1873)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Philippe de Thaon's ''Comput'' (about 1119) uses ''crier'' in religion, of God drawing the world out of nothing.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Wace (1130–40) uses it of a person giving life to a being.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) About 1350 it took the legal sense “to appoint someone to an office”, Amyot has ''les prebstres le creerent augur''.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) Cotgrave (1611) records “to found, establish”, and Furetière (1690) says it is also used of men for the things they invent.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In the theatre ''créer un rôle'' “to play a part for the first time” is dated 1776 by Rey and quoted from 1811 by the BHVF, ''créer un spectacle'' “to stage for the first time” dates from 1811.^(DHLF 1992)^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1119 – ''Crier'', of God's creation, Philippe de Thaon.^(TLFi)

+ * 1155 – ''Creer'', Wace.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1350 – “To appoint to an office”, Gilles li Muisis.^(TLFi)

+ * 1611 – “To found, establish”, Cotgrave.^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – Of inventors, Furetière.^(TLFi)

+ * 1776 – ''Créer un rôle''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(religion)'' To [[m|en|create]], bring into being out of nothing: ''Dieu créa le ciel et la terre''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make, produce (something new): ''créer une œuvre, un style''; to [[m|en|invent]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To found, set up: ''créer une entreprise, des emplois''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To cause, give rise to: ''créer des difficultés''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(theatre)'' To play (a part) for the first time; to stage (a work) for the first time.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[recréer]]

+ * [[incréé]]

+ * [[créatif]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[création]]

+ * [[créateur]]

+ * [[créature]]

+ * [[procréer]]

+ * [[récréation]]

+ * [[croître]]

+ * [[la|creō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}