projet French · revision 16633

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=c. 1470, Georges Chastellain (pourget)|origins=la iactō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /pʁɔ.ʒɛ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''projet''' ''m'' (plural projets)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Pourget'' (about 1470), ''proiect'' (1545); ''projet'' from 1549 (Robert Estienne).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a deverbal noun from [[projeter]].^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) That verb was in the 12th century [[fro|porjeter|t=to throw out, forward]], formed with [[m|fro|puer|t=forward]] (unstressed [[m|fro|por]]), from [[la|porrō|t=forward]], and [[jeter]]; about 1400 [[m|frm|pourgeter]] meant to reconnoitre (a town), and in the 15th century it took the general sense “to plan”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The modern spelling follows [[la|prōiectus|t=a throwing forward]], from which Littré and Wiktionary derive the noun.^(Littré 1873)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Georges Chastellain's chronicle (about 1470) speaks of making ''maint subtil pourget'' against someone, an idea put forward and the plan for carrying it out.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In 1545 Robert Estienne also has ''proiect'' in architecture for a projecting part of a house.^(TLFi) Geoffroy Tory (1529) uses it once for the drawing of a building to be built, a sense that returned only in the 19th century (1825).^(TLFi) Descartes (1637) uses it for a first draft to be revised, whence ''projet de décret'' (1789) and ''projet de loi'' “bill” (1792, Robespierre).^(TLFi) ''Avoir des projets sur quelqu'un'' “to intend to marry someone” is in Desmahis (1750).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1470 – ''Pourget'', Georges Chastellain.^(TLFi)

+ * 1529 – An architect's plan, Geoffroy Tory.^(TLFi)

+ * 1549 – The spelling ''projet'', Robert Estienne.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1637 – A first draft, Descartes.^(TLFi)

+ * 1792 – ''Projet de loi'', Robespierre.^(TLFi)

+ * 1853 – ''Avant-projet''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|plan]], intention: ''faire des projets'', ''projets d'avenir'', ''former le projet de partir''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|project]], undertaking: ''chef de projet''.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # A first draft: ''projet de contrat'', ''projet de loi'', a bill.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(architecture)'' The plans and drawings of a building to be built.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[avant-projet]]

+ * [[projeteur]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[projeter]]

+ * [[jeter]]

+ * [[projection]]

+ * [[la|prōiectus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}