avance French · revision 16611

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=late 14th century|origins=la-lat abante}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /a.vɑ̃s/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''avance''' ''f'' (plural avances)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a back-formation from [[avancer]].^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) “Avancer” goes back to [[la-vul|*abantiō|alt=*abantiare]], from [[la-lat|abante|t=in front]] (see [[avant]]).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Compare [[pro|avansa]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ At the end of the 14th century it meant the act of advancing, and also an advantage or profit; the Anglo-Norman ''avance'' “advancement, benefit” is recorded about 1275.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)^(AND)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The financial sense, a payment made before it is due, appears in 1478, replacing [[avancement]] in that use; the GLLF dates it from Turgot (1766).^(DHLF 1992)^(BHVF)^(GLLF 1989) The spatial sense, a forward movement, dates from 1468, and by metonymy a projection (1473).^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) The Académie (1694) has the distance by which one is ahead, and the time phrases ''d'avance'' (1580), ''à l'avance'', ''par avance'' and ''prendre de l'avance'' (late 17th century) followed.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ In the plural ''faire des avances'' (1662) soon took on a romantic sense.^(DHLF 1992) The ironical ''la belle avance !'' “a lot of good that does!” is in Corbière (1833).^(BHVF) Belgian French keeps the old sense “advantage” in ''il n'y a pas d'avance à'', and Swiss French has ''faire de l'avance''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 14th century – “Advance; advantage”.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1468 – A forward movement.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1478 – An advance of money.^(DHLF 1992)^(BHVF)

+ * 1580 – ''D'avance''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1662 – ''Faire des avances''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1694 – The lead over someone, Académie.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ * 1833 – ''La belle avance !''.^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|advance]], forward movement: ''l'avance des troupes''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A lead, the distance or time by which one is ahead: ''avoir cent mètres d'avance'', ''arriver avec une heure d'avance''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''En avance'', ''à l'avance'', ''d'avance'', ''par avance'': early, beforehand.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # An advance, a sum paid beforehand: ''une avance sur salaire''.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(plural)'' Advances, approaches: ''faire des avances à qqn''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(ironic)'' ''La belle avance !'': a lot of good that does!^(BHVF)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[avancée]]

+ * [[avancer]]

+ * [[avant]]

+ * [[avancement]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}