obliger French · revision 16550

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1243, Poitevin charters|origins=la ligō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɔ.bli.ʒe/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obliger'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|obligō|t=to tie to; to bind, pledge (by contract, vow or favour)]], formed from [[m|la|ob-|t=towards; in return for]] and [[m|la|ligō|t=to tie, bind]] (see [[lier]]).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|7, 268a)

+

+ Compare [[pro|obligar]], [[es|obligar]], [[pt|obrigar]] and [[it|obbligare]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A Poitevin charter of 1243 has ''en avom obligé nos e totes les noz chouses'', to pledge oneself and one's goods as security, a legal sense.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Brunetto Latini (about 1265) uses it for binding morally, and ''s'obliger'' “to commit oneself” is found about 1300.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The common sense “to compel, force” dates from about 1485, with ''à'' and, from Palsgrave (1530), ''de'': ''je suis obligé de le faire''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) To create a debt of gratitude is in Oresme (1370–72), and in the 16th and 17th centuries ''obliger'' was above all to do someone a favour, ''obligeant'' “helpful” is recorded by Monet (1636).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In music ''obligé'' translates Italian ''obbligato'' (1703).^(TLFi) The phrase ''noblesse oblige'' rests on the sense of moral duty.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1243 – To pledge, Poitevin charters.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1265 – To bind morally, Brunetto Latini.^(TLFi)

+ * 1370–72 – Bound by gratitude, Oresme.^(TLFi)

+ * 1456 – ''Obligeance''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * c. 1485 – “To compel”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1530 – ''Être obligé de'', Palsgrave.^(TLFi)

+ * 1636 – ''Obligeant'', helpful.^(TLFi)

+ * 1703 – ''Obligé'' in music.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|oblige]], compel, force: ''obliger quelqu'un à partir'', ''être obligé de'', to have to.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To bind by law or contract: ''le contrat oblige les deux parties'', ''s'obliger à'', to undertake to.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To bind morally: ''l'honneur m'y oblige'', ''noblesse oblige''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(formal)'' To do a favour, oblige: ''vous m'obligeriez en…'', ''être l'obligé de quelqu'un''.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[obligé]]

+ * [[obligeant]]

+ * [[obligeance]]

+ * [[obligeamment]]

+ * [[désobliger]]

+ * [[désobligeant]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[obligation]]

+ * [[obligatoire]]

+ * [[obligatoirement]]

+ * [[lier]]

+ * [[la|obligō]]

+ * [[en|oblige]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}