inviter French · revision 16549

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1356|origins=la invītō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɛ̃.vi.te/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inviter'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|invītō|t=to invite, especially to a meal; to encourage]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|4, 802a) Rey says the Latin word is of unknown origin; it has been compared with [[m|la|invītus|t=unwilling]] and a “*vītus” related to “vīs” “you want” (see [[vouloir]]), though for the ancients the prefix was local rather than negative.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) The Latin verb had given Old French [[m|fro|envier]] (about 1050), driven out by its homonym “to envy”; only the phrase [[à l'envi]] remains.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

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+ Compare [[es|invitar]] and [[it|invitare]]; [[convier]] is a near-synonym of popular origin.^(Wiktionary)^(Grand Robert 2005)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A royal ordinance of 1356 has it for asking someone to go to a place or to take part in something.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The reflexive ''s'inviter'' is in Noël du Fail (1585), and ''un invité'' “a guest” in Mme de Staël (1786).^(TLFi) With a thing as subject it means to tempt, induce, as in Malherbe's ''Soit qu'aux bois la chasse l'invite'' (1607); ''invitant'' “inviting” is in Michelet (1856).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) To request with some authority, as a policeman ''invite'' someone to follow him, is in Voltaire (1769) and Marat (1790).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) At cards ''inviter'' (Littré, 1867) follows ''invite'' (1767).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1050 – Inherited ''envier''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1356 – ''Inviter''.^(TLFi)

+ * 14th century – ''Invitation''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1585 – ''S'inviter'', Noël du Fail.^(TLFi)

+ * 1607 – “To tempt”, Malherbe.^(TLFi)

+ * 1767 – ''Invite'', Diderot.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1769 – To request with authority, Voltaire.^(TLFi)

+ * 1786 – ''Un invité'', Mme de Staël.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|invite]], ask someone to come or take part: ''inviter des amis à dîner'', ''inviter quelqu'un à danser'', ''c'est moi qui invite'', it's my treat.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To request, call on, often with authority: ''le président invite l'assemblée à se taire''.^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(literary)'' To tempt, induce: ''le beau temps invite à la promenade''.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(cards)'' To lead a card asking the partner to play that suit.^(Larousse)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[invité]]

+ * [[invite]]

+ * [[invitant]]

+ * [[réinviter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[invitation]]

+ * [[à l'envi]]

+ * [[la|invītō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}