entier French · revision 16518

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1130, Gormont et Isembart|origins=la tangō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɑ̃.tje/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''entier''' (feminine entière, masculine plural entiers, feminine plural entières)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|entier]], [[inh|la|integer|t=untouched, intact; sound; upright]] (accusative “integrum”), formed from the negative [[m|la|in-]] and the root of [[m|la|tangō|t=to touch]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|4, 734a) The expected outcome was “*entir”, attested in Old Picard; the ending “-ier” comes by analogy with adjectives such as [[premier]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The learned [[intègre]] is its doublet.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|intero]], [[es|entero]] and [[pt|inteiro]].^(Littré 1873)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In ''Gormont et Isembart'' (about 1130) ''jorz entier'' is a whole day, a thing in its full extent; the ''Couronnement de Louis'' (about 1135) has ''sains et sals et entiers'', unharmed, lacking nothing.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Chrétien de Troyes (1172) ''amors antiere'' is pure, unalloyed love, and in 1174–76 it meant loyal, faithful, a moral sense from Latin that lasted into the 16th century.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) ''Cheval entier'', an uncastrated horse, dates from 1580.^(DHLF 1992) ''En son entier'' (1538) and ''en entier'' express totality, and, from 1606 a person who admits no compromise is ''entier''.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) In mathematics a ''nombre entier'' or ''un entier'' is a whole number, ''à part entière'' “fully fledged” is modern.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1130 – ''Jorz entier'', ''Gormont et Isembart''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1135 – “Lacking nothing”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1155 – ''Entièrement''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1172 – “Pure”, Chrétien de Troyes.^(TLFi)

+ * 1260 – ''Entériner''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1580 – ''Cheval entier''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1606 – “Uncompromising”, Nicot.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|whole]], [[m|en|entire]]: ''le monde entier'', ''une heure entière'', ''tout entier''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Intact, complete: ''le gâteau est encore entier'', ''lait entier'', whole milk.^(Littré 1873)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Total, absolute: ''une entière confiance'', ''à part entière'', fully fledged.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # Of a person, uncompromising, single-minded.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # Of a horse, not castrated.^(GLLF 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' ''Nombre entier'': an integer.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''En entier'', ''dans son entier'': in full, entirely.^(Larousse)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' An [[m|en|integer]].^(Wiktionary)^(Larousse)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[entièrement]]

+ * [[entièreté]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[intègre]]

+ * [[intégral]]

+ * [[entériner]]

+ * [[intact]]

+ * [[la|integer]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}