salle French · revision 16461

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (sale)|origins=gem-pro *salą}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /sal/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''salle''' ''f'' (plural salles)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French [[m|fro|sale]] and ''saule'' (1220); the spelling ''salle'' appears about 1250 according to Rey, in Froissart according to the GLLF.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|frk|*sal|t=dwelling, hall]], a masculine that became feminine, as “sala” in the laws of the Germanic peoples shows.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|17, 8b) The GLLF starts from [[la-lat|sala]] (early 8th century).^(GLLF 1989) The stressed /a/ was kept, perhaps under the influence of [[halle]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The Frankish word is related to [[de|Saal]] and goes back to [[gem-pro|*salą]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ [[es|sala]] and [[pt|sala]] mean the main living room; [[it|sala]] has the augmentative [[m|it|salone]], the source of [[salon]].^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) it is the great room of a castle where people live and are received: ''Monte al palais, est venut en la sale'' (“he goes up into the palace and comes into the hall”).^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Until the 16th century the word was used alone; it also meant a palace (about 1250), any building (1340), a set of hangings for a room and a court of law (1382), senses since lost.^(DHLF 1992) From the 16th century, usually with a complement, it named rooms for particular purposes: ''salle d'audience'' (1538), ''salle de bal'' (1591), ''salle d'armes'' (1594 alone, 1677 in full), ''salle à manger'' (1584 in Rey, 1636 in the TLFi) and ''salle de bain'' (1691).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ In 1558 it was the main living room of a house, a use that survives in the countryside of western France and Burgundy but gave way in towns to ''salon'' and ''salle de séjour'' (1955).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) A hospital ward is ''salle'' in Richelet (1680), and ''salle d'attente'' is found in 1823, in a railway station from 1837.^(TLFi) By metonymy it means the audience of a theatre (1835 in the TLFi; found by 1840).^(BHVF) In Quebec the dining room is traditionally the ''salle à dîner''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Sale'', the hall of a castle, in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1250 – The spelling ''salle''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1538 – ''Salle d'audience''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1558 – The main room of a house, in Gouberville.^(TLFi)

+ * 1636 – ''Salle à manger'' in Monet.^(TLFi)

+ * 1680 – A hospital ward.^(TLFi)

+ * 1691 – ''Salle de bain''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1823 – ''Salle d'attente''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1955 – ''Salle de séjour'' in Camus.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A large room, a [[m|en|hall]], in a castle or palace.^(Larousse)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # A room of a dwelling with a particular use: ''salle à manger'', ''salle de bains'', ''salle de séjour''.^(Larousse)^(Le Robert)

+ # A room or hall for a function: ''salle de classe'', ''salle d'attente'', ''salle d'opération'', ''salle des ventes''.^(Larousse)^(TLFi)

+ # A hospital [[m|en|ward]].^(TLFi)

+ # An [[m|en|auditorium]], a cinema; the audience in it: ''toute la salle applaudit''.^(BHVF)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The public area of a restaurant or theatre.^(Wiktionary)

+ # A sports hall, ''(informal)'' a gym.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(regional)'' The main room of a country house.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[salon]]

+ * [[de|Saal]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Salle'' is pronounced like ''sale'' “dirty”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}