tien French · revision 16458

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont (tua)|origins=la tuus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /tjɛ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tien''' (feminine tienne, masculine plural tiens, feminine plural tiennes)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French feminine [[m|fro|tua]], [[m|fro|tue]], masculine [[m|fro|tons]], [[m|fro|tuen]], [[m|fro|toen]], ''tien'' appears in the 13th century.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|tuus|t=your, yours (of one person)]], through its accusative “tuum”, a possessive formed from [[m|la|tū|t=you]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|13/2, 452a) The Old French forms “tuen” and “toen” were remodelled as “tien” after [[mien]].^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) It developed like “mien” and [[sien]].^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The feminine ''tua'' is in the ''Passion de Clermont'' (late 10th century); about 1050 the ''Vie de saint Alexis'' has ''Pur tue amur an soferai l'ahan'' (“for love of you I will suffer the torment”).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old French the possessive was used before the noun, as in the ''Psautier de Cambridge'' (early 12th century): ''cum gran est li tuens nums'' (“how great is thy name”).^(TLFi) The plural ''li tuen'' “your people” is found about 1170, and ''del tuen'' “of your goods” about 1150.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The pronoun ''le tien'', ''la tienne'' became established in the mid-16th century.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ''Faire des tiennes'' “to get up to your tricks” dates from 1784, ''y mettre du tien'' “to do your share” from 1876, and the toast ''à la tienne !'' was familiarly rhymed ''à la tienne, Étienne !'' by 1863.^(DHLF 1992) The adjective survives in literary use, as in ''un tien parent'', and as an attribute in the language of love (''je suis tien'').^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 10th century – ''Tua'' in the ''Passion de Clermont''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1050 – ''Tue'', ''tons'' in the ''Vie de saint Alexis''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1170 – ''Li tuen'' “your people”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 13th century – The form ''tien''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * mid-16th century – The pronoun ''le tien''.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1784 – ''Faire des tiennes''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1863 – ''À la tienne, Étienne !''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Pronoun===

+ # ''Le tien'', ''la tienne'', ''les tiens'', ''les tiennes'': [[m|en|yours]] (when addressing one person as ''tu''): ''ce n'est pas le mien, c'est le tien''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # ''(familiar)'' ''À la tienne !'': cheers, your health!^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''Les tiens'': your family, your people.^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+ # ''Y mettre du tien'': to do your share, make an effort.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(familiar)'' ''Faire des tiennes'': to get up to your tricks.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(literary)'' Yours: ''un tien parent'', ''je suis tien''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mien]]

+ * [[sien]]

+ * [[ton]]

+ * [[tu]]

+ * [[la|tuus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}