reste French · revision 16434

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=c. 1220–1230}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʁɛst/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''reste''' ''m'' (plural restes)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a noun formed from the verb [[rester]].^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873) “Rester” is from [[la|restō|t=to stay behind, remain]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The word was feminine at first, from 1230 to the end of the 16th century, a gender that survived in “à toute reste” until the 17th century, but the masculine prevailed from the 16th century.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(TLFi) Littré held that German “Rast” and English “rest” “repose” had no part in its formation.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ Compare [[it|resto]] and [[es|resto]].^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found about 1230 in ''La petite philosophie'', as a feminine noun meaning “what remains”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In 1324 it meant the part of a sum still to be paid, whence ''être en reste'' (1538), ''demeurer en reste'' (1414–1416) and ''n'être jamais en reste'' (1835).^(TLFi) ''Jouer de son reste'' “to use one's last resources” is from 1604, ''donner son reste à quelqu'un'' Molière's (1673), and ''ne pas demander son reste'' “to make off without more ado” is recorded by the Académie in 1694.^(TLFi) It meant the time still to come in 1445, and became a term of arithmetic, the remainder, in 1754.^(TLFi) ''Du reste'' and ''au reste'' “besides” and the plural ''les restes'' “leftovers, remains” are in common use.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1230 – Feminine ''reste'' “what remains”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1324 – The balance of a sum owed.^(TLFi)

+ * 1445 – “The time still to come”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1538 – ''Être en reste''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1604 – ''Jouer de son reste''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1694 – ''Ne pas demander son reste''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1754 – The remainder in arithmetic.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|rest]], [[m|en|remainder]]: ''le reste de la journée''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Les restes'': leftovers; remains, mortal remains.^(Wiktionary)

+ # A trace, vestige: ''un reste d'espoir''.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' The remainder.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Du reste'', ''au reste'': besides, moreover.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''Être en reste'': to be in someone's debt, ''ne pas demander son reste'': to leave without further ado.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rester]]

+ * [[restant]]

+ * [[la|restō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}