dès French · revision 16427

18 Oct 2026, 06:40 by bogdan “French fr10k entries (batch fr75d b05)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont (des)|origins=la dē, la ex}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /dɛ/^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA: /dɛz‿/^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''dès'''^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|la-lat|dē ex]], an intensive juxtaposition of the prepositions [[m|la|dē|t=from]] and [[m|la|ex|t=out of]], both marking a starting point.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|3, 27b) The attested Late Latin “de ex” rules out the older explanation from “de ipso”, which also accounts less well for the Romance forms.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)
+ 
+ Cognate with [[pro|des]] and [[es|desde]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ It is first found at the end of the 10th century in the ''Passion'' of Clermont, marking a starting point in time (''des lo meidi'' “from midday”), and with ''des que'' “since”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was used of a place from the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100).^(TLFi) Older and classical French used it where modern French prefers ''depuis''.^(DHLF 1992) ''Dès que'' first meant “since” and, from about 1160, “because”, but only its sense “as soon as” (early 12th century) remains alive, ''dès lors que'' dates from the middle of the 12th century.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Dès là'' (1309), ''dès là que'' (1677) and ''dès longtemps'' (1669) have gone out of use.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * Late 10th century – ''Des lo meidi'' and ''des que'' in the ''Passion'' of Clermont.^(TLFi)
+ * c. 1100 – Of a place, in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)
+ * Early 12th century – ''Dès que'' “as soon as”.^(TLFi)
+ * Mid-12th century – ''Dès lors que''.^(TLFi)
+ * 1309 – ''Dès là'', in Joinville.^(TLFi)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Preposition===
+ # From, as early as, starting from: ''dès l'aube'', ''dès maintenant''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)
+ # From (a place, a rank): ''dès le seuil''.^(GLLF 1989)
+ # ''Dès que'': as soon as, ''dès lors'': from then on, consequently, ''dès lors que'': since.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[de]]
+ * [[depuis]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}