façon French · revision 16408

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=1121–1134, Philippe de Thaon|origins=la faciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /fa.sɔ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''façon''' ''f'' (plural façons)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|façon]], [[inh|la|factiō|t=a making; manner of doing]], accusative “factiōnem”, from the supine of [[m|la|faciō|t=to do, make]] (see [[faire]]).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|3, 359a)^(Wiktionary) The learned borrowing [[faction]] is a doublet.^(Wiktionary)^(Grand Robert 2005) Littré allows that [[la|faciēs|t=face]] may have helped give Old French “façon” the sense “face, looks”, but rules it out as the source.^(Littré 1873) The sense “shaping, making” (1377) is taken by the TLFi as a noun formed on [[façonner]].^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ Cognate with [[pro|faisso]] and [[ca|facció]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Philippe de Thaon's ''Bestiaire'' (1121–1134), of the outward look of an animal.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense “outward look, bearing” lived on in classical French, sometimes meaning elegance, and survives in the plural ''des façons'' “manners, fuss” and in ''sans-façon'' (1660).^(DHLF 1992) From “manner” (1276) came “way of acting” (1578) and the phrases ''de façon que'', ''à la façon de'' (1580), ''de façon à ce que'' (1839) and ''c'est une façon de parler'' (1798).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ ''Façon'' also meant an act (1260, ''males façons''), then the working of a material (1377), the craftsman's workmanship and the labour of the soil in farming (1606).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) Followed by a noun it means “imitation of” (1810: ''façon cuir'').^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1121–1134 – ''Façon'' in Philippe de Thaon's ''Bestiaire''.^(TLFi)

+ * 12th century – ''Façonner'', in Chrétien de Troyes.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1260 – ''Males façons'', ''malfaçon''.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1276 – “Manner”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1377 – “Shaping, making”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1580 – ''De façon que'' and ''à la façon de'', in Montaigne.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1606 – Labour of the soil.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1810 – ''Façon'' “imitation of”.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|manner]], way: ''de cette façon'', ''à sa façon'', ''de toute façon''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''De façon à'', ''de façon que'': so as to, so that.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(plural)'' Manners; fuss: ''faire des façons'', ''sans façon'', informally.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # The making of something, [[m|en|workmanship]]: ''la façon d'une robe'', ''travailler à façon'', with materials supplied.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # Followed by a noun: imitation: ''façon cuir''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(agriculture)'' Working of the soil.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[façonner]]

+ * [[malfaçon]]

+ * [[contrefaçon]]

+ * [[sans-façon]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[faire]]

+ * [[faction]]

+ * [[la|factiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}