pied French · revision 16384

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=2nd half of the 10th century, Vie de saint Léger (piet)|origins=ine-pro *pṓds}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /pje/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pied''' ''m'' (plural pieds)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''piet'', ''pié''; the ''-d'' was restored in Middle French after Latin, but ''pié'' is still found in La Fontaine.^(Wiktionary)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|pié]], [[inh|la|pēs|t=foot]] (accusative “pedem”).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|8, 293a)^(Wiktionary) The Latin word goes back to the Indo-European name of the foot, also in [[grc|πούς|tr=poús]], [[sa|पाद|tr=pā́da]], [[got|𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐍃|tr=fōtus]] and [[en|foot]], Latin generalised the vowel “e” of the oblique cases.^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)^(Wiktionary) Latin “pēs” already meant a support, a stalk, a unit of length and a metrical foot.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|piede]], [[oc|pe]], [[ca|peu]], [[es|pie]] and [[pt|pé]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the second half of the 10th century the ''Vie de saint Léger'' uses ''piet'' for the human foot.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) About 1100 the ''Chanson de Roland'' has ''à pied'' “on foot”, ''en piez'' “standing” and ''descendre à pied'' “to dismount”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Gens de pied'', foot soldiers, date from about 1160, ''mettre pied à terre'' from about 1200, ''pied à pied'' “step by step” from about 1195, and ''à pied sec'' from about 1240.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Middle French added ''prendre pied'' (1306), ''partir les pieds devant'' “to die” (1450–65), ''tenir pied ferme'' (1452) and ''à pied levé'' (about 1460).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ The 16th and 17th centuries brought ''avoir bon pied, bon œil'' (1527), ''pieds nus'' (1579), ''trouver chaussure à son pied'' (1606), ''ne pas savoir sur quel pied danser'' (1611), ''lâcher pied'' (1656–57) and ''avoir pied'' (1671).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Mettre les pieds dans le plat'' dates from 1808, ''mettre à pied'' a worker from 1898.^(TLFi) As a measure the ''pied'' was 32.5 cm, and in Quebec it renders the English foot.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 2nd half of the 10th century – ''Piet'' in the ''Vie de saint Léger''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1100 – ''À pied'' and ''en piez'' in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1160 – ''Genz de pié'', foot soldiers.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1460 – ''À pied levé''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1527 – ''Bon pied, bon œil''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1611 – ''Ne pas savoir sur quel pied danser'' in Cotgrave.^(TLFi)

+ * 1656–1657 – ''Lâcher pied'' in Pascal.^(TLFi)

+ * 1808 – ''Mettre les pieds dans le plat''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|foot]]: ''avoir mal aux pieds'', ''à pied'', on foot.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The foot or base of something: ''le pied d'une montagne'', ''au pied du mur''.^(Larousse)

+ # The [[m|en|leg]] or stand of a piece of furniture or equipment: ''le pied d'une table''.^(Wiktionary)^(Larousse)

+ # A plant, stalk: ''un pied de salade'', ''pied de vigne''.^(Larousse)

+ # A former unit of length, ''(Quebec)'' a foot (30.5 cm).^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(poetry)'' A metrical foot; in French verse, a syllable.^(Wiktionary)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ # ''(slang)'' ''C'est le pied'': it's great.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[casse-pieds]]

+ * [[pied-à-terre]]

+ * [[pied-bot]]

+ * [[pied-de-biche]]

+ * [[plain-pied]]

+ * [[peton]]

+ * [[piétiner]]

+ * [[contre-pied]]

+ * [[va-nu-pieds]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[piédouche]]

+ * [[piéton]]

+ * [[podo-]]

+ * [[piège]]

+ * [[pédestre]]

+ * [[la|pēs]]

+ * [[en|foot]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}