aider French · revision 16352

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century (aiud)|origins=la adiuvō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɛ.de/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /e.de/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aider'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''aidier'' (''il aiud'', late 10th century, ''aidiez'', about 1100) and ''aïer''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|aidier]], [[inh|la|adiūtō|t=to help, assist]], the frequentative of [[m|la|adiuvō|t=to help]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|24, 161a)^(Wiktionary) The Old French forms “aïer”, “aiue” were remade from [[m|la|adiūtat]], the third person singular.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[ro|ajuta]], [[it|aiutare]], [[oc|ajudar]], [[ca|ajudar]], [[es|ayudar]] and [[pt|ajudar]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The form ''aiud'' is found at the end of the 10th century; about 1100 the ''Chanson de Roland'' has ''Prudhom i ot pour son seigneur aider'' “there was a worthy man to help his lord”.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old French also built it with an indirect object, ''aider à quelqu'un'' (1080), now regional, ''aider quelqu'un à quelque chose'' (1125) and ''aider à'' “to contribute to” (13th century) remain.^(DHLF 1992) The reflexive ''s'aider de'', “to make use of”, dates from the 12th century.^(DHLF 1992) The oath ''se Dieu m'aït'', “so help me God”, was common in Old French, and the proverb ''aide-toi, le ciel t'aidera'' goes back to 1606.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ The noun [[aide]] is even older (''aiudha'', 842).^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) In 1923 English ''mayday'' was chosen as a radio distress call because it sounds like French ''m'aider'' “help me”.^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 10th century – ''Aiud''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1100 – ''Aider'' and ''Deus nous aït'' in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(Littré 1873)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1125 – ''Aider quelqu'un à quelque chose''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 12th century – ''S'aider de''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1606 – ''Aide-toi, Dieu t'aidera''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1690 – ''Aider à la messe''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1923 – English ''mayday'' is coined from ''m'aider''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|help]], [[m|en|assist]]: ''aider quelqu'un à se relever''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # To support with money or means: ''aider les plus démunis''.^(GLLF 1989)

+ # Of a thing, to help, be useful: ''l'alcool aidant''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''Aider à'': to contribute to, make easier.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''S'aider de'': to make use of.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aide]]

+ * [[entraider]]

+ * [[adjuvant]]

+ * [[en|mayday]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}