notre French · revision 16319

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=842, Strasbourg Oaths|origins=la nōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /nɔtʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (informal): /nɔt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''notre''' ''m or f'' (plural nos)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Nostro'' (842), [[m|fro|nostre]] (late 10th century), ''notre'' (early 14th century); plural ''nos'' (1080). The Académie wrote ''nostre'' in 1694 and 1718 and ''notre'' from 1740, Picard has ''no''.^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|nostre]], [[inh|la|noster|t=our]], derived from [[m|la|nōs|t=we, us]] (see [[nous]]) with a suffix that marks the opposition of two notions.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|7, 194a) The plural “nos” probably comes from the accusative “nostros”, through “*nostrs” and “*nosts”, Bloch and Wartburg see “nos” and “vos” as forms that developed in unstressed position.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Cognate with [[ro|nostru]], [[it|nostro]], [[oc|nostre]], [[ca|nostre]], [[es|nuestro]] and [[pt|nosso]].^(REW 1935)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in the Strasbourg Oaths (842): ''pro christian poblo et nostro commun salvament'' “for the Christian people and our common salvation”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The uses of ''notre'' and ''nos'' were fixed before the end of the 12th century.^(DHLF 1992) Already in Latin ''noster'' could express a closeness of interest (''hic noster'' “the man we are talking about”), and French uses ''notre'' with the same sympathy (''comment va notre malade ?'').^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) The pronoun ''les nôtres'' “those of our side” dates from 1080, while ''le nôtre'' “our property” (1120–1150) is now archaic.^(DHLF 1992) [[Notre-Dame]], the Virgin Mary, is found in 1130–1140, and, from 1732 also names a church dedicated to her.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 842 – ''Nostro'' in the Strasbourg Oaths.^(TLFi)

+ * Late 10th century – ''Nostre'' in the ''Passion de Clermont''.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1080 – Plural ''nos'' and ''les nostres'', in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1130–1140 – ''Notre-Dame''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * Early 14th century – The spelling ''notre''.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1740 – The Académie adopts ''notre''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Determiner===

+ # [[m|en|our|alt=Our]]: ''notre maison''; plural ''nos'': ''nos enfants''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of people in general: ''à notre époque'', ''à l'heure de notre mort''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # Expressing sympathy or familiarity: ''Comment va notre malade ?''^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # Expressing respect: ''Notre Seigneur'', ''Notre-Dame''.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # With the royal or authorial ''nous'': ''notre ouvrage''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Notre-Dame]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nous]]

+ * [[nôtre]]

+ * [[patenôtre]]

+ * [[la|noster]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}