vraiment French · revision 16317
18 Oct 2026, 05:32 by bogdan “French entries batch 6 (fr10k): vrai, mourir, dieu, depuis, vers (2 homographs), sentir, tenir, vraiment, cela, moins” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1121–1134, Philippe de Thaon, Bestiaire}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /vʁɛ.mɑ̃/^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA: /vʁe.mɑ̃/^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''vraiment'''^(Wiktionary)
+ Old French [[m|fro|veraiement]] (about 1120), ''vraiement'' (13th century), ''vraiment'' (1636); the Académie wrote ''vrayment'' in 1694 and 1718.^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is formed [[af|fro|verai|-ment]], from Old French “verai” (see [[vrai]]) and the adverbial suffix.^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary) Old French also had “voirement”, from “voir” “true”, which several dialects have kept.^(Littré 1873) Compare [[it|veramente]].^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ It is first found in Philippe de Thaon's ''Bestiaire'' (1121–1134) as ''veraiement'' “in truth, indeed”.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In the early 13th century it meant “truthfully, without pretence” (about 1207, Villehardouin).^(GLLF 1989) Joinville uses it to stress a statement in direct speech (1306: ''Vraiement, fist-il, c'est bien respondu''), and about 1485 it appears in questions disputing a statement (''vraiment ?'').^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) From the mid-16th century it also gives a superlative force to an adjective or adverb (1550, Ronsard).^(GLLF 1989)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 1121–1134 – ''Veraiement'' in Philippe de Thaon.^(TLFi)
+ * c. 1207 – “Truthfully”, in Villehardouin.^(GLLF 1989)
+ * 1306 – Stressing a statement, in Joinville.^(TLFi)
+ * c. 1485 – In a question, ''vraiment ?''^(TLFi)
+ * 1550 – Intensifying an adjective, in Ronsard.^(GLLF 1989)
+ * 1636 – The spelling ''vraiment''.^(GLLF 1989)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adverb===
+ # [[m|en|truly|alt=Truly]], really, genuinely: ''L'aimez-vous vraiment ?''^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)
+ # Truthfully, honestly: ''dire vraiment ce qu'on pense''.^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)
+ # Really, very, as an intensifier: ''vraiment beau''.^(Wiktionary)^(GLLF 1989)
+ # Stressing a statement: ''Vraiment, il exagère !''^(Petit Robert 2007)
+
+ ===Interjection===
+ # ''Vraiment ?'': really?, is that so?^(Wiktionary)^(GLLF 1989)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[vrai]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}