partir French · revision 16287

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont|origins=la pars}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /paʁ.tiʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''partir'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|partir]], [[inh|la|partiō|t=to divide, share]], the popular form of classical [[m|la|partior]], from [[m|la|pars|t=part]].^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|7, 678b) It first meant “to divide, share out”; the sense “to leave” came from the reflexive “se partir de” “to separate oneself from”, recorded in 1138, and, from “partir de” (a person, a place), through the idea of separation.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ In the sense “to divide” “partir” was ousted by [[partager]] and by [[départir]] and [[répartir]]; the Trévoux dictionary still records it in 1771, and it survives in some dialects of the north and north-west, in Occitan and in the phrase “avoir maille à partir”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|partire]], [[pro|partir]] and [[es|partir]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in the ''Passion de Clermont'' (late 10th century) in the sense “to divide”: ''Non fut partiz sos vestimenz'' “his garment was not divided”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense “to leave, go away” appears in 1138 (Gaimar) in ''se partir de'', which was later replaced by the simple verb and by ''s'en aller'', ''partir'' used absolutely is found in 1160.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) The euphemism ''partir de cest siecle'' “to die” (1174–1176) lies behind ''partir'' “to die” (1680).^(DHLF 1992) By the end of the 12th century ''partir de'' also meant “to come from, emanate from”, then abstractly (1580), as in ''partir d'un principe'' (1751).^(DHLF 1992)

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+ ''Partir'' was said of a shot fired (about 1475), of an animal starting off (1606) and of mail being sent (1690).^(DHLF 1992) In Quebec French ''partir'' is used transitively for “to start” (''partir une auto'', ''partir en affaires'').^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) The old sense “to divide” survives in heraldry (''écu parti'', about 1210) and in ''avoir maille à partir'', literally “to have a halfpenny to share”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 10th century – “To divide” in the ''Passion de Clermont''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1138 – ''Se partir'' “to leave”, in Gaimar.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1160 – ''Partir'' used absolutely, “to go away”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1174–1176 – ''Partir de cest siecle'' “to die”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1210 – Heraldic ''armes parties''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1475 – Of a shot, “to go off”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1771 – Trévoux still records ''partir'' “to divide”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|leave]], go away, depart: ''Il est parti'', ''partir de chez soi''.^(Le Robert)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To set off for: ''partir en vacances'', ''partir pour Paris''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To start, get going: ''C'est parti !''^(Larousse)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''Partir de'': to come from, [[m|en|originate]] in, ''à partir de'', from.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # Of a shot or projectile: to go off.^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(euphemistic)'' To [[m|en|die]].^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(Quebec, informal)'' To start (a car, a business).^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(archaic)'' To divide, share, ''avoir maille à partir avec quelqu'un'', to have a bone to pick with someone.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[départir]]

+ * [[répartir]]

+ * [[repartir]]

+ * [[partance]]

+ * [[partant]]

+ * [[partage]]

+ * [[départager]]

+ * [[parti]]

+ * [[partie]]

+ * [[mi-parti]]

+ * [[charte-partie]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[part]]

+ * [[partager]]

+ * [[sortir]]

+ * [[la|pars]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}