triage French · revision 16114

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=1343|origins=la trītō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /tʁi.jaʒ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''triage''' ''m'' (plural triages)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|trier|-age]].^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary) ''Trier'' “to sort” (about 1170) is traced by Bloch and Wartburg to [[la|trītō|t=to grind]], recorded in the 6th century, a derivative of classical [[m|la|terō|t=to rub, grind]]; they explain the sense by the grinding of grain to separate the unusable parts.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ The forestry sense “division of a forest” is explained differently.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Hatzfeld and Bloch and Wartburg saw it as Old French [[m|fro|triege|t=crossroads, passage]], altered under the influence of ''triage'' “sorting”; that word is very probably from a Latin of Gaul [[m|la-vul|*trebium]], from [[xtg|*trebo|t=part of a village]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(TLFi) The FEW, the TLFi and the GLLF reject this and treat it as the same word as ''triage'' “sorting”.^(TLFi)^(FEW|13/2, 305a)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The forestry sense is the earliest: in 1343 a document of Lorraine uses it for the part of a communal forest assigned to the lord.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The sense “action of sorting” is first recorded in 1370 in a charter of Dinant.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Montaigne used it figuratively, ''chois et triage de ses raisons'' (1580).^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) The word spread to many technical fields: the sorting of spoiled sheets in paper-making (1763), metallurgy (1765), the hand-picking of wool (1845), railways, with ''gare de triage'' “marshalling yard” (1894), and wine-making, ''triage des raisins'' (1904).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) By metonymy it meant in 1693 a group of people chosen from good society.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) In the slang of the ''chauffeurs'' bandits a double-barrelled gun was ''un repoussant à deux trillages'' (1800), and in 1829 ''triage'' meant “time, turn”.^(TLFi) In forestry it came to mean a subdivision of a forest (1583) and the stretch watched by one forest guard.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ English took [[m|en|triage]] in the early 18th century for sorting by quality; the sense of sorting the wounded according to the severity of their injuries was adopted from French use during the First World War.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1343 – Used for the part of a communal forest assigned to the lord.^(TLFi)

+ * 1370 – “Action of sorting” appears in a charter of Dinant.^(TLFi)

+ * 1580 – Montaigne writes of the ''triage'' of one's arguments.^(TLFi)

+ * 1583 – Ragueau uses it for a division of a forest.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1693 – Used for a select group of people.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1763 – The ''Encyclopédie'' uses it in paper-making.^(TLFi)

+ * 1894 – ''Gare de triage'' “marshalling yard” is recorded.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|sorting|alt=Sorting]], selecting or dividing things into groups; the result of this: ''le triage du linge'', ''de la houille''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''(railways)'' The [[m|en|marshalling]] of wagons into trains;^(Petit Robert 2007) ''gare de triage'', a marshalling yard.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''(geology)'' The natural sorting of sediments.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # A place or device where sorting is done.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(forestry)'' A division of a [[m|en|forest]]; the stretch watched by one forest guard.^(GLLF 1989)^(Larousse)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trier]]

+ * [[tri]]

+ * [[trieur]]

+ * [[la|trito]]

+ * [[en|triage]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}