escapade French · revision 16082

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1570|origins=es escapada}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɛs.ka.pad/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''escapade''' ''f'' (plural escapades)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ According to the TLFi and Rey it is [[bor|es|escapada|t=escape]] (recorded only from 1630), the feminine past participle used as a noun of “escapar”, of the same origin as [[échapper]];^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse) Italian “scappata”, also proposed, meant “mistake” in the 16th century and does not fit the sense.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Bloch and Wartburg, the Grand Robert and the GLLF hesitate between the two, and Littré chose Italian.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Brantôme (1575) has it for the act of escaping;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Bloch and Wartburg and the Grand Robert date it to about 1570.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The general sense “flight, escape” has gone out of use (d'Aubigné uses it of an escape from prison), as has the figurative “digression” (Montaigne's ''gaillardes escapades'' of Plutarch).^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)^(Petit Robert 2007) In riding it was also said of a horse (1611).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) It now means getting away from the obligations and habits of daily life, a brief spell of freedom, usually with a trip (''faire une petite escapade'', Chateaubriand's ''mon escapade de Brest'').^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) Littré notes a 15th-century ''eschapeillon'' “peccadillo”.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1570 – First record.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1575 – “Escape”, in Brantôme.^(TLFi)

+ * 1580 – “Digression”, in Montaigne.^(Littré 1873)

+ * 1611 – Of a horse.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1630 – Spanish ''escapada''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|escapade]], jaunt, spree: ''faire une escapade à la campagne''.^(Larousse)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(dated)'' An escape, getting away (from supervision).^(Larousse)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[échapper]]

+ * [[échappée]]

+ * [[chape]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}